Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, X. Legend of the Arbutus, sentence 64
It shall be so each time the snows melt and the rivers begin to run.
Who acts: thing, snows, rivers · What happens: be, melt, begin, run · To what, where: time
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, X. Legend of the Arbutus. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thing, snows, rivers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 time | nsubj |
| 2 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 time | aux |
| 3 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 6 time | cop |
| 4 | so | so | ADV | _ | 6 time | advmod |
| 5 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 6 time | det |
| 6 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 snows | det |
| 8 | snows | snow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 melt | nsubj |
| 9 | melt | melt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 time | acl:relcl |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 begin | cc |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 rivers | det |
| 12 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 begin | nsubj |
| 13 | begin | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 melt | conj |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 run | mark |
| 15 | run | run | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 begin | xcomp |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 time | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | shall | thing | each time | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | melt | present | the snows | each time not said here | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient time=Result | ||||
| 3 | begin | present | the rivers | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | run | to-infinitive | the rivers not said here | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/79/64/