Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XII. the Marten and the White Rabbit, sentence 42

Just then they heard a soft step on the brown pine needles; the marten flattened himself down on the ground, and his brown fur could not be seen.

Who acts: people, marten · What happens: hear, flatten down, not see · To what, where: soft step, brown pine needles, marten, ground, brown fur

This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XII. the Marten and the White Rabbit. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, marten), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Just	just	ADV	_	4 heard	advmod
2	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 heard	advmod
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 heard	nsubj
4	heard	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 step	det
6	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 step	amod
7	step	step	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 heard	obj
8	on	on	ADP	_	12 needles	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 needles	det
10	brown	brown	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 needles	amod
11	pine	pine	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 needles	compound
12	needles	needle	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 heard	obl
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 flattened	punct
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 marten	det
15	marten	marten	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 flattened	nsubj
16	flattened	flatten	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 heard	conj
17	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	16 flattened	obj
18	down	down	ADP	_	16 flattened	compound:prt
19	on	on	ADP	_	21 ground	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 ground	det
21	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 flattened	obl
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 seen	punct
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	30 seen	cc
24	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	26 fur	nmod:poss
25	brown	brown	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 fur	amod
26	fur	fur	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 seen	nsubj:pass
27	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	30 seen	aux
28	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	30 seen	advmod
29	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	30 seen	aux:pass
30	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 flattened	conj
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 heard	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	hear	past	people	a soft step	the brown pine needles	then	vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer step=Stimulus
2	flatten down	past	the marten	marten	the ground		vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Patient
3	not see	could · passive		marten's brown fur			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/81/42/

🌲 Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XII. the Marten and the White Rabbit, sentence 42

The tree

Pragmatics

Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XII. the Marten and the White Rabbit, sentence 42