Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XII. the Marten and the White Rabbit, sentence 58
The little gray rabbits heard him and laughed with the squirrels.
Who acts: little gray rabbits · What happens: hear, laugh · To what, where: marten
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XII. the Marten and the White Rabbit. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little gray rabbits), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 rabbits | det |
| 2 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 rabbits | amod |
| 3 | gray | gray | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 rabbits | compound |
| 4 | rabbits | rabbit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 heard | nsubj |
| 5 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 heard | obj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 laughed | cc |
| 8 | laughed | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 heard | conj |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 squirrels | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 squirrels | det |
| 11 | squirrels | squirrel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 laughed | obl |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | the little gray rabbits | marten | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | laugh | past | the little gray rabbits not said here | with the squirrels | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/81/58/