Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XIII. How Light, Fire, and Water First Came to the World, sentence 39
The old chief has never been seen since that time.
What happens: not see · To what, where: old chief
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XIII. How Light, Fire, and Water First Came to the World. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 chief | det |
| 2 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 chief | amod |
| 3 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 seen | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 seen | aux |
| 5 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 7 seen | advmod |
| 6 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 seen | aux:pass |
| 7 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | since | since | ADP | _ | 10 time | case |
| 9 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 10 time | det |
| 10 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 seen | obl |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 seen | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not see | present · perfect · passive | the old chief | time | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/82/39/