Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Wampum Money, sentence 21
These may mean the original thirteen colonies and the people who were the speakers at the time of the treaty.
Who acts: These, people · What happens: mean, be · To what, where: original thirteen colonies, speakers
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Wampum Money. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (These, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | These | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 3 mean | nsubj |
| 2 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 mean | aux |
| 3 | mean | mean | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 colonies | det |
| 5 | original | original | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 colonies | amod |
| 6 | thirteen | thirteen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 colonies | compound |
| 7 | colonies | colony | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 mean | obj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 people | cc |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 people | det |
| 10 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 colonies | conj |
| 11 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 speakers | nsubj |
| 12 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 speakers | cop |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 speakers | det |
| 14 | speakers | speaker | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 people | acl:relcl |
| 15 | at | at | ADP | _ | 17 time | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 time | det |
| 17 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 mean | obl |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 treaty | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 treaty | det |
| 20 | treaty | treaty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 time | nmod |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 mean | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | may | These | the original thirteen colonies and the people | time | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colony=Topic | |||
| 2 | is a | past | the people | the speakers | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/9/21/