Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Wampum Money, sentence 30
The chiefs of the Iroquois, while mourning a chief’s death, wore strings of black wampum.
Who acts: Iroquois, chiefs, chief · What happens: mourn, wear, die · To what, where: death, strings
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Wampum Money. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iroquois, chiefs, chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 chiefs | det |
| 2 | chiefs | chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 wore | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 Iroquois | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 Iroquois | det |
| 5 | Iroquois | Iroquois | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 chiefs | nmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 mourning | punct |
| 7 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 8 mourning | mark |
| 8 | mourning | mourn | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 Iroquois | acl |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 chief | det |
| 10 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 death | nmod:poss |
| 11 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 10 chief | case |
| 12 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 mourning | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 chiefs | punct |
| 14 | wore | wear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 15 | strings | string | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 wore | obj |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 wampum | case |
| 17 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 wampum | amod |
| 18 | wampum | wampum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 strings | nmod |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 wore | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mourn | gerund | the Iroquois not said here | a chief's death | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer death=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | wear | past | the chiefs of the Iroquois | strings of black wampum | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent string=Source | ||||
| 3 | die | a chief | nom death «event intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/9/30/