Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Port Hills and Their Names., sentence 82
_Ri_ means a rope, the painter of flax by which canoes were dragged up on shore, and _papa_ is a flat rock.
Who acts: _, painter, _ papa _ · What happens: mean, drag up, be · To what, where: rope, canoes, shore, flat rock
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Port Hills and Their Names.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (_, painter, _ papa _), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | _ | _ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 means | nsubj |
| 2 | Ri | Ri | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 _ | flat |
| 3 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 1 _ | punct |
| 4 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 rope | det |
| 6 | rope | rope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 means | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 painter | punct |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 painter | det |
| 9 | painter | painter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 rope | appos |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 flax | case |
| 11 | flax | flax | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 painter | nmod |
| 12 | by | by | ADP | _ | 13 which | case |
| 13 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 dragged | obl |
| 14 | canoes | canoe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 dragged | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 dragged | aux:pass |
| 16 | dragged | drag | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 painter | acl |
| 17 | up | up | ADP | _ | 16 dragged | compound:prt |
| 18 | on | on | ADP | _ | 19 shore | case |
| 19 | shore | shore | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 dragged | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 rock | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 rock | cc |
| 22 | _ | _ | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 _ | amod |
| 23 | papa | papa | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 _ | compound |
| 24 | _ | _ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 rock | nsubj |
| 25 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 rock | cop |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 rock | det |
| 27 | flat | flat | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 rock | amod |
| 28 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 means | parataxis |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 means | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | _ | a rope | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rope=Topic | ||||
| 2 | drag up | past · passive | the painter of flax | canoes | shore | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | |||
| 3 | is a | present | _ papa _ | a flat rock | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/10/82/