Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”, sentence 48
The graceful lacebark or ribbonwood, too, is here in plenty; there are some beautiful specimens on these hills and slopes, and finest of all perhaps is the grand old _houi_ that overshades the little Maori Church at Rapaki.
Who acts: graceful lacebark, beautiful specimens, _ · What happens: be, overshade · To what, where: plenty, little Maori Church, Rapaki
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (graceful lacebark, beautiful specimens, _), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 lacebark | det |
| 2 | graceful | graceful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 lacebark | amod |
| 3 | lacebark | lacebark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 here | nsubj |
| 4 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 5 ribbonwood | cc |
| 5 | ribbonwood | ribbonwood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lacebark | conj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 lacebark | punct |
| 7 | too | too | ADV | _ | 3 lacebark | advmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 lacebark | punct |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 here | cop |
| 10 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | root | root |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 plenty | case |
| 12 | plenty | plenty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 here | obl |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 are | punct |
| 14 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 15 are | expl |
| 15 | are | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 here | parataxis |
| 16 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 18 specimens | det |
| 17 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 specimens | amod |
| 18 | specimens | specimen | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 are | nsubj |
| 19 | on | on | ADP | _ | 21 hills | case |
| 20 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 21 hills | det |
| 21 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 specimens | nmod |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 slopes | cc |
| 23 | slopes | slope | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 hills | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 finest | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 finest | cc |
| 26 | finest | fine | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 10 here | conj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 all | case |
| 28 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 26 finest | obl |
| 29 | perhaps | perhaps | ADV | _ | 33 old | advmod |
| 30 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 old | cop |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 old | det |
| 32 | grand | grand | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 old | amod |
| 33 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 finest | advcl |
| 34 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 36 _ | punct |
| 35 | houi | houi | X | Foreign=Yes | 36 _ | nmod |
| 36 | _ | _ | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 old | conj |
| 37 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 38 overshades | nsubj |
| 38 | overshades | overshade | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 _ | acl:relcl |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 Church | det |
| 40 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 Church | amod |
| 41 | Maori | Maori | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 Church | compound |
| 42 | Church | Church | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 overshades | obj |
| 43 | at | at | ADP | _ | 44 Rapaki | case |
| 44 | Rapaki | Rapaki | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 Church | nmod |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 here | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the graceful lacebark or ribbonwood | plenty | here property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | does | present | some beautiful specimens on this hills and slopes | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | be | the graceful lacebark or ribbonwood not said here | of all | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | is | present | the graceful lacebark or ribbonwood not said here | _ houi conj; old, perhaps property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | overshade | present | _ houi | the little Maori Church | Rapaki | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/11/48/