Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”, sentence 59
Here in the shadowy depths there is some bird life; the trill of the _riroriro_, the little grey warbler, is almost constant, and an occasional fantail flits about us; but the thrush is more numerous than any native bird.
Who acts: trill, thrush · What happens: be, trill · To what, where: riroriro
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trill, thrush), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 7 is | advmod |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 depths | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 depths | det |
| 4 | shadowy | shadowy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 depths | amod |
| 5 | depths | depth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Here | obl |
| 6 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 7 is | expl |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 constant | cop |
| 8 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 10 life | det |
| 9 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 life | compound |
| 10 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 is | nsubj |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 13 trill | punct |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 trill | det |
| 13 | trill | trill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 constant | nsubj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 riroriro | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 riroriro | det |
| 16 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 17 riroriro | punct |
| 17 | riroriro | riroriro | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 trill | nmod |
| 18 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 17 riroriro | punct |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 warbler | punct |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 warbler | det |
| 21 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 warbler | amod |
| 22 | grey | grey | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 warbler | amod |
| 23 | warbler | warbler | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 riroriro | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 trill | punct |
| 25 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 constant | cop |
| 26 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 27 constant | advmod |
| 27 | constant | constant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 flits | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 flits | cc |
| 30 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 flits | det |
| 31 | occasional | occasional | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 flits | amod |
| 32 | fantail | fantail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 flits | compound |
| 33 | flits | flit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 constant | conj |
| 34 | about | about | ADP | _ | 35 us | case |
| 35 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 33 flits | nmod |
| 36 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 42 numerous | punct |
| 37 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 42 numerous | cc |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 thrush | det |
| 39 | thrush | thrush | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 numerous | nsubj |
| 40 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 42 numerous | cop |
| 41 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 42 numerous | advmod |
| 42 | numerous | numerous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 constant | conj |
| 43 | than | than | ADP | _ | 46 bird | case |
| 44 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 46 bird | det |
| 45 | native | native | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 46 bird | amod |
| 46 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 numerous | obl |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 27 constant | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the trill of the riroriro and the little grey warbler | a occasional fantail flits about us conj; almost, constant property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is | present | the thrush | than any native bird; numerous property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | trill | the riroriro and the little grey warbler | nom trill «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/11/59/