Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea., sentence 2
On the lowermost bough of this knotty ribbonwood, the _houhi_, or _houi_, of the Natives, that stood here before the church was built, over fifty years ago, hangs the bell that calls the remnant of Ngati-Irakehu to worship; and it is this sylvan belfry that symbolises for me the intermingling of modernism and ancientry in the Rapaki of to-day.
Who acts: Natives, bell, remnant, sylvan belfry · What happens: stand, build, hang, call, worship, be · To what, where: church, bell, lowermost bough, remnant, sylvan belfry, intermingling · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Natives, bell, remnant, sylvan belfry), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 4 bough | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 bough | det |
| 3 | lowermost | lowermost | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 bough | amod |
| 4 | bough | bough | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 hangs | obl |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 ribbonwood | case |
| 6 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 8 ribbonwood | det |
| 7 | knotty | knotty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 ribbonwood | amod |
| 8 | ribbonwood | ribbonwood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 bough | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 houhi | punct |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 houhi | det |
| 11 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 12 houhi | punct |
| 12 | houhi | houhi | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 ribbonwood | appos |
| 13 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 12 houhi | punct |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 houi | punct |
| 15 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 17 houi | cc |
| 16 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 17 houi | punct |
| 17 | houi | houi | X | Foreign=Yes | 4 bough | appos |
| 18 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 17 houi | punct |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 Natives | punct |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 Natives | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 Natives | det |
| 22 | Natives | Native | PROPN | Number=Plur | 4 bough | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 stood | punct |
| 24 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 25 stood | nsubj |
| 25 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 Natives | acl:relcl |
| 26 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 25 stood | advmod |
| 27 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 31 built | mark |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 church | det |
| 29 | church | church | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 built | nsubj:pass |
| 30 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 built | aux:pass |
| 31 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 stood | advcl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 ago | punct |
| 33 | over | over | ADV | _ | 34 fifty | advmod |
| 34 | fifty | fifty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 35 years | nummod |
| 35 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 ago | obl:unmarked |
| 36 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 31 built | advmod |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 bough | punct |
| 38 | hangs | hang | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 bell | det |
| 40 | bell | bell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 hangs | obj |
| 41 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 42 calls | nsubj |
| 42 | calls | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 bell | acl:relcl |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 remnant | det |
| 44 | remnant | remnant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 calls | obj |
| 45 | of | of | ADP | _ | 46 Ngati | case |
| 46 | Ngati | Ngati | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 remnant | nmod |
| 47 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 48 Irakehu | punct |
| 48 | Irakehu | Irakehu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 Ngati | conj |
| 49 | to | to | PART | _ | 50 worship | mark |
| 50 | worship | worship | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 42 calls | advcl |
| 51 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 57 belfry | punct |
| 52 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 57 belfry | cc |
| 53 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 57 belfry | nsubj |
| 54 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 57 belfry | cop |
| 55 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 57 belfry | det |
| 56 | sylvan | sylvan | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 57 belfry | amod |
| 57 | belfry | belfry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 hangs | obl |
| 58 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 59 symbolises | nsubj |
| 59 | symbolises | symbolis | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 57 belfry | acl:relcl |
| 60 | for | for | ADP | _ | 61 me | case |
| 61 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 59 symbolises | obl |
| 62 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 63 intermingling | det |
| 63 | intermingling | intermingling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 59 symbolises | obj |
| 64 | of | of | ADP | _ | 65 modernism | case |
| 65 | modernism | modernism | NOUN | Number=Sing | 63 intermingling | nmod |
| 66 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 67 ancientry | cc |
| 67 | ancientry | ancientry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 65 modernism | conj |
| 68 | in | in | ADP | _ | 70 Rapaki | case |
| 69 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 70 Rapaki | det |
| 70 | Rapaki | Rapaki | PROPN | Number=Sing | 67 ancientry | nmod |
| 71 | of | of | ADP | _ | 74 day | case |
| 72 | to | to | ADP | _ | 74 day | case |
| 73 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 72 to | punct |
| 74 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 70 Rapaki | nmod |
| 75 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 38 hangs | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand | past | the Natives | here | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | build | past · passive | the church | ago property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 3 | hang | present | the bell | the lowermost bough of this knotty ribbonwood of the Natives | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent bell=Theme on bough=Destination | ||||
| 4 | call | present | the bell | the remnant of Ngati and Irakehu | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent remnant=Recipient | ||||
| 5 | worship | to-infinitive | the bell not said here | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 6 | is a | present | remnant | this sylvan belfry | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | symbolis | present | this sylvan belfry | the intermingling of modernism and ancientry in the Rapaki of day | for me | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/12/2/