Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea., sentence 23
This long-gone tattooed hero was the Hector of the Whaka-raupo, and this well-hidden valley curving down from the crags was the spot where he settled awhile when the harbour-side fighting was done.
Who acts: This, gone tattooed hero, hidden valley, whakaputa, side fighting · What happens: tattoo, hero, be, curve down, settle · To what, where: Hector, crags, spot
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, gone tattooed hero, hidden valley, whakaputa), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 6 hero | nsubj |
| 2 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 gone | amod |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 long | punct |
| 4 | gone | gone | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 hero | amod |
| 5 | tattooed | tattoo | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 hero | amod |
| 6 | hero | hero | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 Hector | nsubj |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 Hector | cop |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Hector | det |
| 9 | Hector | hector | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 raupo | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 raupo | det |
| 12 | Whaka | Whaka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 raupo | compound |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 Whaka | punct |
| 14 | raupo | raupo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 Hector | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 spot | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 spot | cc |
| 17 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 21 valley | det |
| 18 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 20 hidden | advmod |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 18 well | punct |
| 20 | hidden | hidden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 valley | amod |
| 21 | valley | valley | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 spot | nsubj |
| 22 | curving | curve | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 21 valley | acl |
| 23 | down | down | ADV | _ | 22 curving | advmod |
| 24 | from | from | ADP | _ | 26 crags | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 crags | det |
| 26 | crags | crag | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 curving | obl |
| 27 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 spot | cop |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 spot | det |
| 29 | spot | spot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 Hector | appos |
| 30 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 32 settled | advmod |
| 31 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 settled | nsubj |
| 32 | settled | settle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 spot | acl:relcl |
| 33 | awhile | awhile | ADV | _ | 32 settled | advmod |
| 34 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 41 done | advmod |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 fighting | det |
| 36 | harbour | harbour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 side | compound |
| 37 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 36 harbour | punct |
| 38 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 fighting | compound |
| 39 | fighting | fighting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 done | nsubj |
| 40 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 41 done | cop |
| 41 | done | done | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 settled | advcl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 Hector | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tattoo | participle | vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | hero | This | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | is a | past | gone tattooed hero | the Hector | of the Whaka raupo | tree rules | |||
| 4 | curve down | gerund | this hidden valley not said here | the crags | down property | vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material | |||
| 5 | is a | past | this hidden valley | the spot | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | settle | past | whakaputa | awhile property | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | is | past | the side fighting | done property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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