Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea., sentence 31
South Island; the first people were the Hawea, the second the Rapuwai, the third the Waitaha and the fourth the Ngati-Mamoe, whom the Ngai-Tahu dispossessed, in their turn to be supplanted by the white-skins with their bags of gold sovereigns and their land-sale deeds.
Who acts: South Island, Ngai Tahu, white skins · What happens: be, dispossess, supplant · To what, where: Hawea
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (South Island, Ngai Tahu, white skins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | South | South | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Island | compound |
| 2 | Island | Island | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Hawea | nsubj |
| 3 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 9 Hawea | punct |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 people | det |
| 5 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 6 people | amod |
| 6 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 Hawea | nsubj |
| 7 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 Hawea | cop |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Hawea | det |
| 9 | Hawea | Hawea | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 Rapuwai | punct |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 second | det |
| 12 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 14 Rapuwai | amod |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 Rapuwai | det |
| 14 | Rapuwai | Rapuwai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Hawea | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 Waitaha | punct |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 third | det |
| 17 | third | third | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 19 Waitaha | amod |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 Waitaha | det |
| 19 | Waitaha | Waitaha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Hawea | conj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 fourth | cc |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 fourth | det |
| 22 | fourth | fourth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 Waitaha | conj |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 Mamoe | det |
| 24 | Ngati | Ngati | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Mamoe | compound |
| 25 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 24 Ngati | punct |
| 26 | Mamoe | Mamoe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 Waitaha | appos |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 dispossessed | punct |
| 28 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 33 dispossessed | obj |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 Tahu | det |
| 30 | Ngai | Ngai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 Tahu | compound |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 30 Ngai | punct |
| 32 | Tahu | Tahu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 dispossessed | nsubj |
| 33 | dispossessed | dispossess | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 Hawea | acl:relcl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 turn | punct |
| 35 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 turn | case |
| 36 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 turn | nmod:poss |
| 37 | turn | turn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 dispossessed | obj |
| 38 | to | to | PART | _ | 40 supplanted | mark |
| 39 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 40 supplanted | aux:pass |
| 40 | supplanted | supplant | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 37 turn | acl |
| 41 | by | by | ADP | _ | 45 skins | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 skins | det |
| 43 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 skins | amod |
| 44 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 43 white | punct |
| 45 | skins | skin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 supplanted | obl |
| 46 | with | with | ADP | _ | 48 bags | case |
| 47 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 48 bags | nmod:poss |
| 48 | bags | bag | NOUN | Number=Plur | 45 skins | nmod |
| 49 | of | of | ADP | _ | 51 sovereigns | case |
| 50 | gold | gold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 sovereigns | compound |
| 51 | sovereigns | sovereign | NOUN | Number=Plur | 48 bags | nmod |
| 52 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 57 deeds | cc |
| 53 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 57 deeds | nmod:poss |
| 54 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 56 sale | compound |
| 55 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 54 land | punct |
| 56 | sale | sale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 deeds | compound |
| 57 | deeds | deed | NOUN | Number=Plur | 51 sovereigns | conj |
| 58 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 Hawea | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | South Island | the Hawea and the second Rapuwai and the third Waitaha and the fourth | the first people nsubj; the second Rapuwai conj; the third Waitaha and the fourth conj | tree rules | |||
| 2 | dispossess | past | the Ngai Tahu | the Hawea and the second Rapuwai and the third Waitaha and the fourth | people's turn obj | tree rules | |||
| 3 | supplant | to-infinitive · passive | the white skins with people's bags of gold sovereigns and people's sale deeds | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/12/31/