Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill., sentence 14
First making the land in the far north, he voyaged on down the East Coast, sailing and paddling from bay to bay, leaving here and there some of his sea-weary crew, who intermarried with the inhabitants, and he did not cease his sailorly enterprise until he had reached the foggy shore of Murihiku, the “Tail of the Land” which the white man calls Southland.
Who acts: heart, weary crew, white man · What happens: make, voyage, sail, paddle, bay, leave · To what, where: land, far north, East Coast, bay, some, sailorly enterprise · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heart, weary crew, white man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | First | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 2 making | advmod |
| 2 | making | make | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 voyaged | advcl |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 land | det |
| 4 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 making | obj |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 north | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 north | det |
| 7 | far | far | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 north | amod |
| 8 | north | north | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 making | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 making | punct |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 voyaged | nsubj |
| 11 | voyaged | voyage | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 16 Coast | case |
| 13 | down | down | ADP | _ | 16 Coast | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 Coast | det |
| 15 | East | East | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Coast | compound |
| 16 | Coast | Coast | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 voyaged | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 sailing | punct |
| 18 | sailing | sail | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 voyaged | advcl |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 paddling | cc |
| 20 | paddling | paddle | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 18 sailing | conj |
| 21 | from | from | ADP | _ | 22 bay | case |
| 22 | bay | bay | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 paddling | obl |
| 23 | to | to | ADP | _ | 24 bay | case |
| 24 | bay | bay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 paddling | xcomp |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 leaving | punct |
| 26 | leaving | leave | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 18 sailing | conj |
| 27 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 26 leaving | advmod |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 there | cc |
| 29 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 27 here | conj |
| 30 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 26 leaving | obj |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 crew | case |
| 32 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 crew | nmod:poss |
| 33 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 weary | compound |
| 34 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 33 sea | punct |
| 35 | weary | weary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 crew | amod |
| 36 | crew | crew | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 some | nmod |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 intermarried | punct |
| 38 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 39 intermarried | nsubj |
| 39 | intermarried | intermarry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 crew | acl:relcl |
| 40 | with | with | ADP | _ | 42 inhabitants | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 inhabitants | det |
| 42 | inhabitants | inhabitant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 intermarried | obl |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 cease | punct |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 cease | cc |
| 45 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 48 cease | nsubj |
| 46 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 48 cease | aux |
| 47 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 48 cease | advmod |
| 48 | cease | cease | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 voyaged | conj |
| 49 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 51 enterprise | nmod:poss |
| 50 | sailorly | sailorly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 51 enterprise | amod |
| 51 | enterprise | enterprise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 cease | obj |
| 52 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 55 reached | mark |
| 53 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 55 reached | nsubj |
| 54 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 55 reached | aux |
| 55 | reached | reach | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 48 cease | advcl |
| 56 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 58 shore | det |
| 57 | foggy | foggy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 58 shore | amod |
| 58 | shore | shore | NOUN | Number=Sing | 55 reached | obj |
| 59 | of | of | ADP | _ | 60 Murihiku | case |
| 60 | Murihiku | Murihiku | PROPN | Number=Sing | 58 shore | nmod |
| 61 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 64 Tail | punct |
| 62 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 64 Tail | det |
| 63 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 64 Tail | punct |
| 64 | Tail | tail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 shore | appos |
| 65 | of | of | ADP | _ | 67 Land | case |
| 66 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 67 Land | det |
| 67 | Land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 64 Tail | nmod |
| 68 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 64 Tail | punct |
| 69 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 73 calls | obj |
| 70 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 72 man | det |
| 71 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 72 man | amod |
| 72 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 73 calls | nsubj |
| 73 | calls | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 58 shore | parataxis |
| 74 | Southland | Southland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 73 calls | xcomp |
| 75 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 voyaged | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | gerund | heart not said here | the land | the far north | first property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset land=Product | ||
| 2 | voyage | past | heart | the East Coast | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | sail | gerund | heart not said here | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | paddle | gerund | heart not said here | bay | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | bay | infinitive | heart not said here | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | leave | gerund | heart not said here | some of heart's weary crew | here; there | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent some=Theme | |||
| 7 | intermarry | past | heart's weary crew | with the inhabitants | vn amalgamate-22.2 «NP V ADVP-Middle PP»: agent=Patient with inhabitant=Co-Patient | ||||
| 8 | not cease | past · do-support | heart | heart's sailorly enterprise | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector enterprise=Eventuality | ||||
| 9 | reach | past · perfect | heart | the foggy shore of Murihiku | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent shore=Theme | ||||
| 10 | call | present | the white man | the foggy shore of Murihiku | Southland xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent which=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/13/14/