Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill., sentence 16
It is curious that this isolated range--fairy-haunted in native legend--lifting abruptly on all sides from the tussocky plains that slope to Lake Manapouri, from more than one point bears a resemblance to the form of a colossal canoe upturned.
Who acts: range, tussocky plains, resemblance · What happens: be, haunt, lift, slope, upturn, form · To what, where: isolated range, native legend, sides, Lake, one point bears, colossal canoe
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (range, tussocky plains, resemblance), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 curious | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 curious | cop |
| 3 | curious | curious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 7 range | mark |
| 5 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 7 range | det |
| 6 | isolated | isolated | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 range | amod |
| 7 | range | range | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 curious | advcl |
| 8 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 11 haunted | punct |
| 9 | fairy | fairy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 haunted | compound |
| 10 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 fairy | punct |
| 11 | haunted | haunt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 range | acl:relcl |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 legend | case |
| 13 | native | native | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 legend | amod |
| 14 | legend | legend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 haunted | obl |
| 15 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 16 lifting | punct |
| 16 | lifting | lift | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 haunted | conj |
| 17 | abruptly | abruptly | ADV | _ | 16 lifting | advmod |
| 18 | on | on | ADP | _ | 20 sides | case |
| 19 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 20 sides | det |
| 20 | sides | side | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 lifting | obl |
| 21 | from | from | ADP | _ | 24 plains | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 plains | det |
| 23 | tussocky | tussocky | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 plains | amod |
| 24 | plains | plain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 lifting | obl |
| 25 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 slope | nsubj |
| 26 | slope | slope | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 plains | acl:relcl |
| 27 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 Lake | case |
| 28 | Lake | Lake | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 slope | obl |
| 29 | Manapouri | Manapouri | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 Lake | flat |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 bears | punct |
| 31 | from | from | ADP | _ | 36 bears | case |
| 32 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV | 34 one | advmod |
| 33 | than | than | ADP | _ | 32 more | fixed |
| 34 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 36 bears | nummod |
| 35 | point | point | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 bears | compound |
| 36 | bears | bear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 slope | parataxis |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 resemblance | det |
| 38 | resemblance | resemblance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 upturned | nsubj |
| 39 | to | to | ADP | _ | 41 form | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 form | det |
| 41 | form | form | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 resemblance | nmod |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 canoe | case |
| 43 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 45 canoe | det |
| 44 | colossal | colossal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 canoe | amod |
| 45 | canoe | canoe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 form | nmod |
| 46 | upturned | upturn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 bears | acl:relcl |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 curious | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | range | this isolated range advcl; curious property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | haunt | participle | this isolated range not said here | native legend | fairy compound | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||
| 3 | lift | gerund | all sides | from the tussocky plains; abruptly property | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent on side=Destination from plain=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | slope | present | the tussocky plains | Lake | one point bears parataxis | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 5 | upturn | past | a resemblance to the form of a colossal canoe | one point bears not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | form | a colossal canoe | nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/13/16/