Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill., sentence 23
No common fire this; it was an _ahi-tipua_, a “magic blaze,” a sacred fire directly kindled from that trebly-_tapu_ fire which Uenuku, the great high priest of far Hawaiki, had sent with his canoe voyagers.
Who acts: this, Fire, common fire · What happens: fire, be, kindle, send · To what, where: _ ahi tipua, fire, tapu, Uenuku
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (this, Fire, common fire), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 3 fire | det |
| 2 | common | common | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 fire | amod |
| 3 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 kindled | nsubj |
| 4 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 fire | nsubj |
| 5 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 tipua | punct |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 tipua | nsubj |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 tipua | cop |
| 8 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 tipua | det |
| 9 | _ | _ | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 tipua | amod |
| 10 | ahi | ahi | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 tipua | compound |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 ahi | punct |
| 12 | tipua | tipua | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 fire | appos |
| 13 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 12 tipua | punct |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 blaze | punct |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 blaze | det |
| 16 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 18 blaze | punct |
| 17 | magic | magic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 blaze | amod |
| 18 | blaze | blaze | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 fire | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 fire | punct |
| 20 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 fire | punct |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 fire | det |
| 22 | sacred | sacred | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 fire | amod |
| 23 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 kindled | nsubj |
| 24 | directly | directly | ADV | _ | 25 kindled | advmod |
| 25 | kindled | kindle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 26 | from | from | ADP | _ | 31 tapu | case |
| 27 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 31 tapu | nsubj |
| 28 | trebly | trebly | ADV | _ | 31 tapu | advmod |
| 29 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 28 trebly | punct |
| 30 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 31 tapu | punct |
| 31 | tapu | tapu | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 kindled | obl |
| 32 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 33 fire | punct |
| 33 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 kindled | obl |
| 34 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 46 sent | obj |
| 35 | Uenuku | Uenuku | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 sent | nsubj:pass |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 priest | punct |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 priest | det |
| 38 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 priest | amod |
| 39 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 priest | amod |
| 40 | priest | priest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 Uenuku | appos |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 Hawaiki | case |
| 42 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 43 Hawaiki | advmod |
| 43 | Hawaiki | Hawaiki | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 priest | nmod |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 Uenuku | punct |
| 45 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 46 sent | aux |
| 46 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 fire | acl:relcl |
| 47 | with | with | ADP | _ | 50 voyagers | case |
| 48 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 50 voyagers | nmod:poss |
| 49 | canoe | canoe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 voyagers | compound |
| 50 | voyagers | voyager | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 sent | obl |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 25 kindled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fire | this | a magic blaze conj | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | is a | past | Fire | a _ ahi tipua | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | kindle | past | no common fire and a magic blaze | fire | tapu that | a sacred fire nsubj; directly property | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent from tapu=Material | ||
| 4 | send | past · perfect · passive | Uenuku | with Uenuku's canoe voyagers; fire obj | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Destination which=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/13/23/