Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Little People of the Mist., sentence 1
Our talk turned one day to the poetic legendary past of the Port Hills above us and the Banks Peninsula peaks yonder, hemming in Lyttelton Harbour in an annular line of dead fire crags.
Who acts: talk, Banks Peninsula, Our · What happens: turn, peak, hem, talk · To what, where: poetic legendary
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Little People of the Mist.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (talk, Banks Peninsula, Our), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 talk | nmod:poss |
| 2 | talk | talk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 turned | nsubj |
| 3 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 day | nummod |
| 5 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 turned | obl:unmarked |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 legendary | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 legendary | det |
| 8 | poetic | poetic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 legendary | amod |
| 9 | legendary | legendary | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 turned | obl |
| 10 | past | past | ADP | _ | 14 Hills | case |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 Hills | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 Hills | det |
| 13 | Port | Port | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Hills | compound |
| 14 | Hills | Hill | PROPN | Number=Plur | 3 turned | obl |
| 15 | above | above | ADP | _ | 16 us | case |
| 16 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 turned | obl |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 peaks | cc |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 Peninsula | det |
| 19 | Banks | Banks | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 Peninsula | compound |
| 20 | Peninsula | Peninsula | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 peaks | nsubj |
| 21 | peaks | peak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 turned | conj |
| 22 | yonder | yonder | ADV | _ | 21 peaks | advmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 hemming | punct |
| 24 | hemming | hem | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 peaks | advcl |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 Lyttelton | case |
| 26 | Lyttelton | Lyttelton | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 hemming | obl |
| 27 | Harbour | Harbour | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Lyttelton | flat |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 line | case |
| 29 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 line | det |
| 30 | annular | annular | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 line | amod |
| 31 | line | line | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 hemming | obl |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 crags | case |
| 33 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 crags | amod |
| 34 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 crags | compound |
| 35 | crags | crag | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 line | nmod |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 turned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | turn | past | Our talk | the poetic legendary | day | past the Port Hills; above us | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Theme to legendary=Source past hill=Trajectory above we=Destination | ||
| 2 | peak | present | the Banks Peninsula | yonder property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | hem | gerund | the Banks Peninsula not said here | in a annular line of dead fire crags; in Lyttelton | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in lyttelton=Theme | ||||
| 4 | talk | Our | nom talk «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/14/1/