Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Little People of the Mist., sentence 15
This Poho-o-Tamatea, the high peak behind the _kainga_ of Rapaki, was one of their homes, their _pas_, but there were others, the high places of the fairies, all around these hills, from my peak above there right away along the peak-tops touched by the Summit Road, right round to Cooper’s Knobs and then on to the Peninsula, even to Otoki, the haunted mountain which the _pakeha_ calls Brazenose, on the southern side of Akaroa town.”
Who acts: Poho, others, pakeha · What happens: be, touch, haunt, call · To what, where: one, peak tops, haunted mountain · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Little People of the Mist.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Poho, others, pakeha), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 Poho | det |
| 2 | Poho | Poho | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 one | nsubj |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 Tamatea | punct |
| 4 | o | of | ADP | Abbr=Yes | 6 Tamatea | case |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 4 o | punct |
| 6 | Tamatea | Tamatea | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Poho | conj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 peak | punct |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 peak | det |
| 9 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 peak | amod |
| 10 | peak | peak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Poho | appos |
| 11 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 14 kainga | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 kainga | det |
| 13 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 14 kainga | punct |
| 14 | kainga | kainga | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 peak | nmod |
| 15 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 14 kainga | punct |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 Rapaki | case |
| 17 | Rapaki | Rapaki | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 kainga | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Poho | punct |
| 19 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 one | cop |
| 20 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | root | root |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 homes | case |
| 22 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 homes | nmod:poss |
| 23 | homes | home | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 one | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 pas | punct |
| 25 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 pas | nmod:poss |
| 26 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 27 pas | punct |
| 27 | pas | pa | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 homes | appos |
| 28 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 27 pas | punct |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 were | punct |
| 30 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 32 were | cc |
| 31 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 32 were | expl |
| 32 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 one | parataxis |
| 33 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 were | nsubj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 places | punct |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 places | det |
| 36 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 places | amod |
| 37 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 others | nmod |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 fairies | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 fairies | det |
| 40 | fairies | fairy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 places | nmod |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 hills | punct |
| 42 | all | all | ADV | _ | 45 hills | advmod |
| 43 | around | around | ADP | _ | 45 hills | case |
| 44 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 45 hills | det |
| 45 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 fairies | conj |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 peak | punct |
| 47 | from | from | ADP | _ | 49 peak | case |
| 48 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 49 peak | nmod:poss |
| 49 | peak | peak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 others | conj |
| 50 | above | above | ADV | _ | 51 there | advmod |
| 51 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 49 peak | advmod |
| 52 | right | right | ADV | _ | 53 away | advmod |
| 53 | away | away | ADV | _ | 49 peak | acl |
| 54 | along | along | ADP | _ | 58 tops | case |
| 55 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 58 tops | det |
| 56 | peak | peak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 tops | compound |
| 57 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 56 peak | punct |
| 58 | tops | top | NOUN | Number=Plur | 53 away | obl |
| 59 | touched | touch | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 58 tops | acl |
| 60 | by | by | ADP | _ | 63 Road | case |
| 61 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 63 Road | det |
| 62 | Summit | Summit | PROPN | Number=Sing | 63 Road | compound |
| 63 | Road | Road | PROPN | Number=Sing | 59 touched | obl |
| 64 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 70 Knobs | punct |
| 65 | right | right | ADV | _ | 66 round | advmod |
| 66 | round | round | ADV | _ | 70 Knobs | advmod |
| 67 | to | to | ADP | _ | 70 Knobs | case |
| 68 | Cooper | Cooper | PROPN | Number=Sing | 70 Knobs | nmod:poss |
| 69 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 68 Cooper | case |
| 70 | Knobs | Knob | PROPN | Number=Plur | 63 Road | conj |
| 71 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 73 on | cc |
| 72 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 73 on | advmod |
| 73 | on | on | ADV | _ | 53 away | conj |
| 74 | to | to | ADP | _ | 76 Peninsula | case |
| 75 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 76 Peninsula | det |
| 76 | Peninsula | Peninsula | PROPN | Number=Sing | 73 on | obl |
| 77 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 80 Otoki | punct |
| 78 | even | even | ADV | _ | 80 Otoki | advmod |
| 79 | to | to | ADP | _ | 80 Otoki | case |
| 80 | Otoki | Otoki | PROPN | Number=Sing | 53 away | parataxis |
| 81 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 84 mountain | punct |
| 82 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 84 mountain | det |
| 83 | haunted | haunt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 84 mountain | amod |
| 84 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 80 Otoki | appos |
| 85 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 90 calls | obj |
| 86 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 88 pakeha | det |
| 87 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 88 pakeha | punct |
| 88 | pakeha | pakeha | NOUN | Number=Sing | 90 calls | nsubj |
| 89 | _ | _ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 90 calls | nsubj |
| 90 | calls | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 84 mountain | acl:relcl |
| 91 | Brazenose | Brazenose | PROPN | Number=Sing | 90 calls | xcomp |
| 92 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 96 side | punct |
| 93 | on | on | ADP | _ | 96 side | case |
| 94 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 96 side | det |
| 95 | southern | southern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 96 side | amod |
| 96 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 90 calls | xcomp |
| 97 | of | of | ADP | _ | 99 town | case |
| 98 | Akaroa | Akaroa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 99 town | compound |
| 99 | town | town | NOUN | Number=Sing | 96 side | nmod |
| 100 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 80 Otoki | punct |
| 101 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 one | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | this Poho and Tamatea | one | of Poho's homes | tree rules | |||
| 2 | be | past | others the high places of the fairies and this hills and my peak | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | touch | participle | the peak tops not said here | by the Summit Road and Cooper's Knobs | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | haunt | participle | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 5 | call | present | the pakeha | the haunted mountain | _ nsubj; Brazenose xcomp; the southern side of Akaroa town xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent which=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/14/15/