Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Little People of the Mist., sentence 35
The _Kaumatua_ gave it as one of his fairy peaks, its Native name is Te U-Kura, and as far as I have been able to ascertain, it bears no official _pakeha_ name.
Who acts: Kaumatua, fairy, Native name, I, sight · What happens: give, peak, be, ascertain, bear, name · To what, where: sight, Te U Kura, official pakeha
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Little People of the Mist.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kaumatua, fairy, Native name, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Kaumatua | det |
| 2 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 3 Kaumatua | punct |
| 3 | Kaumatua | Kaumatua | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 gave | nsubj |
| 4 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 5 gave | punct |
| 5 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 gave | obj |
| 7 | as | as | ADP | _ | 8 one | case |
| 8 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 gave | obj |
| 9 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 12 peaks | mark |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 fairy | nmod:poss |
| 11 | fairy | fairy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 peaks | nsubj |
| 12 | peaks | peak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 Kura | advcl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 peaks | punct |
| 14 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 name | nmod:poss |
| 15 | Native | native | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 name | amod |
| 16 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 Kura | nsubj |
| 17 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 Kura | cop |
| 18 | Te | te | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 Kura | amod |
| 19 | U | U | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 Kura | compound |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 U | punct |
| 21 | Kura | Kura | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 one | appos |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 able | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 able | cc |
| 24 | as | as | ADV | _ | 25 far | advmod |
| 25 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 30 able | advmod |
| 26 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 30 able | mark |
| 27 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 30 able | nsubj |
| 28 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 able | aux |
| 29 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 30 able | cop |
| 30 | able | able | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 gave | advcl |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 ascertain | mark |
| 32 | ascertain | ascertain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 able | xcomp |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 bears | punct |
| 34 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 bears | nsubj |
| 35 | bears | bear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 gave | obl |
| 36 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 39 pakeha | det |
| 37 | official | official | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 pakeha | amod |
| 38 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 37 official | punct |
| 39 | pakeha | pakeha | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 bears | nmod |
| 40 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 41 name | punct |
| 41 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 pakeha | conj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 gave | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past | the Kaumatua | sight | one obj | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent it=Recipient one=Theme | |||
| 2 | peak | present | Kaumatua's fairy | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | is a | present | sight's Native name | Te U Kura | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | is | present · perfect | I | able, far property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | ascertain | to-infinitive | I not said here | vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | bear | sight | no official pakeha and name | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | name | sight | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/14/35/