Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Little People of the Mist., sentence 73
Nevertheless, for those who like to preserve their Peter Pan fancies and illusions this theory may cheerfully be disregarded, and we may still, on days of mist and cloudy calm, imagine the little tribes of the rocks flitting out from their caves and hollow trees and raising as of old their thin voices in their _waiatas_ and piping their fairy sweet _koauau_ music on the level hilltop of Otehore or the dark rock of Tamatea’s Breast.
Who acts: you, rocks, Picts · What happens: like, preserve, disregard, imagine, flit out, raise · To what, where: Peter fancies, theory, little tribes, music, caves, fairy sweet koauau
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Little People of the Mist.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, rocks, Picts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nevertheless | nevertheless | ADV | _ | 35 imagine | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Nevertheless | punct |
| 3 | for | for | ADP | _ | 4 those | case |
| 4 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 35 imagine | obl |
| 5 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 6 like | nsubj |
| 6 | like | like | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 those | acl:relcl |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 preserve | mark |
| 8 | preserve | preserve | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 like | xcomp |
| 9 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 fancies | nmod:poss |
| 10 | Peter | Peter | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 fancies | compound |
| 11 | Pan | Pan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Peter | flat |
| 12 | fancies | fancy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 preserve | obj |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 illusions | cc |
| 14 | illusions | illusion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 fancies | conj |
| 15 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 16 theory | det |
| 16 | theory | theory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 disregarded | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 disregarded | aux |
| 18 | cheerfully | cheerfully | ADV | _ | 20 disregarded | advmod |
| 19 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 20 disregarded | aux:pass |
| 20 | disregarded | disregard | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 preserve | ccomp |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 may | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 may | cc |
| 23 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 24 may | nsubj |
| 24 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 those | conj |
| 25 | still | still | ADV | _ | 24 may | advmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 those | punct |
| 27 | on | on | ADP | _ | 28 days | case |
| 28 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 those | nmod |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 mist | case |
| 30 | mist | mist | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 days | nmod |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 calm | cc |
| 32 | cloudy | cloudy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 calm | amod |
| 33 | calm | calm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 mist | conj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 those | punct |
| 35 | imagine | imagine | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 tribes | det |
| 37 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 tribes | amod |
| 38 | tribes | tribe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 imagine | obj |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 rocks | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 rocks | det |
| 41 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 tribes | nmod |
| 42 | flitting | flit | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 41 rocks | acl |
| 43 | out | out | ADP | _ | 42 flitting | compound:prt |
| 44 | from | from | ADP | _ | 46 caves | case |
| 45 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 caves | nmod:poss |
| 46 | caves | cave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 flitting | obl |
| 47 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 49 trees | cc |
| 48 | hollow | hollow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 trees | amod |
| 49 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 caves | conj |
| 50 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 51 raising | cc |
| 51 | raising | raise | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 42 flitting | conj |
| 52 | as | as | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 57 voices | case |
| 53 | of | of | ADP | _ | 52 as | fixed |
| 54 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 57 voices | amod |
| 55 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 57 voices | nmod:poss |
| 56 | thin | thin | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 57 voices | amod |
| 57 | voices | voice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 51 raising | obl |
| 58 | in | in | ADP | _ | 61 waiatas | case |
| 59 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 61 waiatas | nmod:poss |
| 60 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 61 waiatas | punct |
| 61 | waiatas | waiata | NOUN | Number=Plur | 57 voices | nmod |
| 62 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 42 flitting | punct |
| 63 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 64 piping | cc |
| 64 | piping | pipe | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 42 flitting | conj |
| 65 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 69 koauau | nmod:poss |
| 66 | fairy | fairy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 69 koauau | amod |
| 67 | sweet | sweet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 69 koauau | amod |
| 68 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 67 sweet | punct |
| 69 | koauau | koauau | NOUN | Number=Sing | 64 piping | obj |
| 70 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 71 music | punct |
| 71 | music | music | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 flitting | obl |
| 72 | on | on | ADP | _ | 75 hilltop | case |
| 73 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 75 hilltop | det |
| 74 | level | level | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 75 hilltop | amod |
| 75 | hilltop | hilltop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 flitting | obl |
| 76 | of | of | ADP | _ | 77 Otehore | case |
| 77 | Otehore | Otehore | PROPN | Number=Sing | 75 hilltop | nmod |
| 78 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 81 rock | cc |
| 79 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 81 rock | det |
| 80 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 81 rock | amod |
| 81 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 75 hilltop | conj |
| 82 | of | of | ADP | _ | 85 Breast | case |
| 83 | Tamatea | Tamatea | PROPN | Number=Sing | 85 Breast | nmod:poss |
| 84 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 83 Tamatea | case |
| 85 | Breast | Breast | PROPN | Number=Sing | 81 rock | nmod |
| 86 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 35 imagine | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | like | present | who nsubj | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | preserve not said to happen | to-infinitive | Picts's Peter fancies and illusions | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | disregard | may · passive | this theory | cheerfully property | vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 4 | imagine | imperative | you not said here | the little tribes of the rocks | for those on days of mist; nevertheless property | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot tribe=Theme | |||
| 5 | flit out | gerund | the rocks not said here | music | Picts's caves and hollow trees | on the level hilltop of Otehore or the dark rock of Tamatea's Breast | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from cave=Trajectory | ||
| 6 | raise | gerund | the rocks not said here | as Picts's old thin voices in Picts's waiatas | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | pipe | gerund | the rocks not said here | Picts's fairy sweet koauau | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent koauau=Theme | ||||
| 8 | fancy | Picts = pict | nom fancy «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/14/73/