Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, Chapter III. Round the Sugarloaf, sentence 1
The Flanks of Te Heru-o-Kahukura--Tracks on the Mountain Side--At Dyer’s Pass--Maori Name of Marley’s Hill--Exploring the Kahukura Bush--Needles of the _Ongaonga_--The Valleys and the Small Timber--“Crest of the Rainbow” 24
Who acts: Flanks · What happens: explore · To what, where: Bush, Flanks
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Chapter III. Round the Sugarloaf. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Flanks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Flanks | det |
| 2 | Flanks | flank | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 Te | case |
| 4 | Te | Te | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Flanks | nmod |
| 5 | Heru | Heru | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Te | flat |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 Kahukura | punct |
| 7 | o | of | ADP | Abbr=Yes | 9 Kahukura | case |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 o | punct |
| 9 | Kahukura | Kahukura | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Te | conj |
| 10 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 11 Tracks | punct |
| 11 | Tracks | track | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 Flanks | conj |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 15 Side | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 Side | det |
| 14 | Mountain | Mountain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 Side | compound |
| 15 | Side | Side | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Tracks | nmod |
| 16 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 20 Pass | punct |
| 17 | At | at | ADP | _ | 20 Pass | case |
| 18 | Dyer | Dyer | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 Pass | nmod:poss |
| 19 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 18 Dyer | case |
| 20 | Pass | Pass | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Flanks | appos |
| 21 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 23 Name | punct |
| 22 | Maori | Maori | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 Name | compound |
| 23 | Name | Name | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 Pass | conj |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 Hill | case |
| 25 | Marley | Marley | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 Hill | nmod:poss |
| 26 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 25 Marley | case |
| 27 | Hill | Hill | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 Name | nmod |
| 28 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 2 Flanks | punct |
| 29 | Exploring | explore | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 Flanks | acl |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 Bush | det |
| 31 | Kahukura | Kahukura | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 Bush | nmod:desc |
| 32 | Bush | Bush | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 Exploring | obj |
| 33 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 34 Needles | punct |
| 34 | Needles | Needle | PROPN | Number=Plur | 32 Bush | conj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 Ongaonga | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 Ongaonga | det |
| 37 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 38 Ongaonga | punct |
| 38 | Ongaonga | Ongaonga | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 Needles | nmod |
| 39 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 32 Bush | punct |
| 40 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 42 Valleys | punct |
| 41 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 Valleys | det |
| 42 | Valleys | Valley | PROPN | Number=Plur | 32 Bush | conj |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 Timber | cc |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 Timber | det |
| 45 | Small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 46 Timber | amod |
| 46 | Timber | timber | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 Valleys | conj |
| 47 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 49 Crest | punct |
| 48 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 49 Crest | punct |
| 49 | Crest | crest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 Timber | appos |
| 50 | of | of | ADP | _ | 52 Rainbow | case |
| 51 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 Rainbow | det |
| 52 | Rainbow | Rainbow | PROPN | Number=Sing | 49 Crest | nmod |
| 53 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 46 Timber | punct |
| 54 | 24 | 24 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 46 Timber | flat |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | explore | gerund | the Flanks of Te and Kahukura and Tracks on the Mountain Side not said here | the Bush Kahukura and Needles of the Ongaonga and the Valleys and the Small Timber | vn investigate-35.4 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent bush=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/5/1/