Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Story of the Rocks., sentence 29
Up on the tussock-swarded mountains of the hawk and deep in the sudden valleys still may you, though so near to the City, breathe the mind-refreshing fragrance of the grand out-of-doors, hold healthy commune with
Who acts: swarded mountains · What happens: sward, breathe, refresh, hold · To what, where: refreshing fragrance, healthy commune
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Story of the Rocks.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (swarded mountains), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Up | up | ADV | _ | 7 mountains | advmod |
| 2 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 mountains | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 mountains | det |
| 4 | tussock | tussock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 swarded | compound |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 4 tussock | punct |
| 6 | swarded | sward | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 mountains | amod |
| 7 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 breathe | nsubj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 hawk | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 hawk | det |
| 10 | hawk | hawk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 mountains | nmod |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 deep | cc |
| 12 | deep | deep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 hawk | conj |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 valleys | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 valleys | det |
| 15 | sudden | sudden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 valleys | amod |
| 16 | valleys | valley | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 deep | obl |
| 17 | still | still | ADV | _ | 18 may | advmod |
| 18 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 breathe | aux |
| 19 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 18 may | appos |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 City | punct |
| 21 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 26 City | mark |
| 22 | so | so | ADV | _ | 23 near | advmod |
| 23 | near | near | ADP | _ | 26 City | case |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 City | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 City | det |
| 26 | City | City | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 may | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 breathe | punct |
| 28 | breathe | breathe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 fragrance | det |
| 30 | mind | mind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 refreshing | compound |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 30 mind | punct |
| 32 | refreshing | refresh | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 33 fragrance | amod |
| 33 | fragrance | fragrance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 breathe | obj |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 doors | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 doors | det |
| 36 | grand | grand | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 doors | amod |
| 37 | out | out | ADP | _ | 36 grand | compound:prt |
| 38 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 41 doors | punct |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 doors | case |
| 40 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 39 of | punct |
| 41 | doors | door | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 fragrance | nmod |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 hold | punct |
| 43 | hold | hold | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 breathe | conj |
| 44 | healthy | healthy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 commune | amod |
| 45 | commune | commune | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 hold | obj |
| 46 | with | with | ADP | _ | 43 hold | obl |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sward | participle | tussock compound | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | breathe | may | the swarded mountains of the hawk | the refreshing fragrance of the grand doors | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fragrance=Theme | ||||
| 3 | refresh | gerund | mind compound | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | hold | infinitive | the swarded mountains of the hawk not said here | healthy commune | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent commune=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/9/29/