The grateful elephant, Opening, part 1, sentence 181
_Buddha_ means _Awakened_ or _Enlightened_, that is to say, awakened or enlightened to the cause and the cure of human suffering.
Who acts: Buddha, that · What happens: mean, awaken, enlighten, be · To what, where: Awakened _ · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Buddha, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 2 Buddha | punct |
| 2 | Buddha | Buddha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 means | nsubj |
| 3 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 2 Buddha | punct |
| 4 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 7 _ | punct |
| 6 | Awakened | awaken | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 _ | amod |
| 7 | _ | _ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 means | obj |
| 8 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 10 Enlightened | cc |
| 9 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 10 Enlightened | punct |
| 10 | Enlightened | enlighten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 _ | acl:relcl |
| 11 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 10 Enlightened | punct |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 say | punct |
| 13 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 16 say | nsubj:outer |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 say | cop |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 say | mark |
| 16 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 means | parataxis |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 awakened | punct |
| 18 | awakened | awaken | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 say | ccomp |
| 19 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 20 enlightened | cc |
| 20 | enlightened | enlighten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 awakened | conj |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 cause | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 cause | det |
| 23 | cause | cause | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 enlightened | obl |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 cure | cc |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 cure | det |
| 26 | cure | cure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 cause | conj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 suffering | case |
| 28 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 suffering | amod |
| 29 | suffering | suffering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 cure | nmod |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 means | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | Buddha | Awakened _ | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent _=Topic | ||||
| 2 | awaken | participle | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | enlighten | participle | Awakened _ not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | be speech: assert | present | that | say property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | awaken | participle | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 6 | enlighten | participle | to the cause and the cure of human suffering | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/1/181/