The grateful elephant, Opening, part 1, sentence 221
He saw that the cause of rebirth and suffering was craving for worldly pleasures and life and riches.
Who acts: Gotama, cause · What happens: see, crave, cause · To what, where: rebirth · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gotama, cause), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 saw | nsubj |
| 2 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 11 craving | mark |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 cause | det |
| 5 | cause | cause | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 craving | nsubj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 rebirth | case |
| 7 | rebirth | rebirth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 cause | nmod |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 suffering | cc |
| 9 | suffering | suffering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 cause | conj |
| 10 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 craving | aux |
| 11 | craving | crave | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 saw | ccomp |
| 12 | for | for | ADP | _ | 14 pleasures | case |
| 13 | worldly | worldly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 pleasures | amod |
| 14 | pleasures | pleasure | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 craving | obl |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 life | cc |
| 16 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 pleasures | conj |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 riches | cc |
| 18 | riches | rich | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 pleasures | conj |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | Gotama | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | crave | past · progressive | the cause of rebirth and suffering | for worldly pleasures and life and riches | vn long-32.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Pivot for pleasure=Theme | ||||
| 3 | cause | rebirth | nom cause «event transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/1/221/