The grateful elephant, Opening, part 1, sentence 36
Short _a_ is pronounced like _u_ in _but_, long _ā_ like _a_ in _father_, long _ī_ like _ee_ in _see_, long _ū_ like _oo_ in _too_, short _i_ and short _u_ differing from the corresponding long vowels not in sound but in length.
Who acts: u · What happens: pronounce, see, differ, correspond · To what, where: _, long vowels
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (u), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 pronounced | parataxis |
| 2 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 1 Short | punct |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 _ | det |
| 4 | _ | _ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 pronounced | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 pronounced | aux:pass |
| 6 | pronounced | pronounce | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | like | like | ADP | _ | 9 u | case |
| 8 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 7 like | punct |
| 9 | u | u | X | _ | 6 pronounced | obl:agent |
| 10 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 9 u | punct |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 _ | case |
| 12 | _ | _ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 u | nmod |
| 13 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 9 u | cc |
| 14 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 9 u | punct |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 long | punct |
| 16 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 u | amod |
| 17 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 18 ā | punct |
| 18 | ā | ā | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 u | flat |
| 19 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 9 u | punct |
| 20 | like | like | ADP | _ | 23 _ | case |
| 21 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 20 like | punct |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 _ | det |
| 23 | _ | _ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 u | nmod |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 father | case |
| 25 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 24 in | punct |
| 26 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 u | nmod |
| 27 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 9 u | punct |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 long | punct |
| 29 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 u | amod |
| 30 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 31 ī | punct |
| 31 | ī | ī | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 u | flat |
| 32 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 9 u | punct |
| 33 | like | like | ADP | _ | 35 ee | case |
| 34 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 33 like | punct |
| 35 | ee | ee | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 u | nmod |
| 36 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 9 u | punct |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 u | goeswith |
| 38 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 39 see | punct |
| 39 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 u | goeswith |
| 40 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 39 see | punct |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 long | punct |
| 42 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 u | amod |
| 43 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 44 ū | punct |
| 44 | ū | ū | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 u | flat |
| 45 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 9 u | punct |
| 46 | like | like | ADP | _ | 9 u | goeswith |
| 47 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 48 oo | punct |
| 48 | oo | oo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 u | flat |
| 49 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 9 u | punct |
| 50 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 u | goeswith |
| 51 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 9 u | punct |
| 52 | too | too | ADV | _ | 9 u | advmod |
| 53 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 9 u | punct |
| 54 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 55 short | punct |
| 55 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 u | parataxis |
| 56 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 55 short | punct |
| 57 | i | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 9 u | goeswith |
| 58 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 9 u | punct |
| 59 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 60 short | cc |
| 60 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 u | conj |
| 61 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 9 u | punct |
| 62 | u | u | X | _ | 9 u | goeswith |
| 63 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 64 differing | punct |
| 64 | differing | differ | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 u | acl |
| 65 | from | from | ADP | _ | 72 sound | case |
| 66 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 72 sound | det |
| 67 | corresponding | correspond | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 72 sound | csubj |
| 68 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 69 vowels | amod |
| 69 | vowels | vowel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 67 corresponding | obj |
| 70 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 72 sound | advmod |
| 71 | in | in | ADP | _ | 72 sound | case |
| 72 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 64 differing | obl |
| 73 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 75 length | cc |
| 74 | in | in | ADP | _ | 75 length | case |
| 75 | length | length | NOUN | Number=Sing | 72 sound | conj |
| 76 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 pronounced | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pronounce | present · passive | u in _ like a _ in father like ee i | a _ | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | see | infinitive | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 3 | differ | gerund | from the sound but length | vn differ-23.4 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme from sound=Co-Theme | |||||
| 4 | correspond | gerund | long vowels | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/1/36/