The grateful elephant, Opening, part 1, sentence 41
A syllable is said to be long if it contains either a long vowel, or a short vowel followed by two consonants (except a consonant followed by _h_).
Who acts: syllable · What happens: say, be, contain, follow · To what, where: syllable, long vowel, short vowel, consonant · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (syllable), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 syllable | det |
| 2 | syllable | syllable | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 said | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 said | aux:pass |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 long | mark |
| 6 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 7 long | cop |
| 7 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 said | xcomp |
| 8 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 10 contains | mark |
| 9 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 contains | nsubj |
| 10 | contains | contain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 said | advcl |
| 11 | either | either | CCONJ | _ | 14 vowel | cc:preconj |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 vowel | det |
| 13 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 vowel | amod |
| 14 | vowel | vowel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 contains | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 vowel | punct |
| 16 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 19 vowel | cc |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 vowel | det |
| 18 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 vowel | amod |
| 19 | vowel | vowel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 vowel | nmod |
| 20 | followed | follow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 vowel | acl |
| 21 | by | by | ADP | _ | 23 consonants | case |
| 22 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 23 consonants | nummod |
| 23 | consonants | consonant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 followed | obl:agent |
| 24 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 27 consonant | punct |
| 25 | except | except | ADP | _ | 27 consonant | case |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 consonant | det |
| 27 | consonant | consonant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 vowel | appos |
| 28 | followed | follow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 consonant | acl |
| 29 | by | by | ADP | _ | 31 h | case |
| 30 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 29 by | punct |
| 31 | h | H | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 followed | obl |
| 32 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 27 consonant | punct |
| 33 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 27 consonant | punct |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present · passive | a syllable | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic | |||||
| 2 | is | to-infinitive | long property | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | contain a condition, not said to happen | present | syllable | a long vowel a short vowel | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot vowel=Theme | ||||
| 4 | follow | participle | a short vowel not said here | two consonants obl:agent | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | follow | participle | a consonant not said here | by h | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by h=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/1/41/