The grateful elephant, Opening, part 10, sentence 151
So the lion asked the little hare: “Friend, is it true, as you say, that the earth is collapsing?”
Who acts: lion, Friend, little hare, earth · What happens: ask, be, say, collapse · To what, where: little hare · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lion, Friend, little hare, earth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 4 asked | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 lion | det |
| 3 | lion | lion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 asked | nsubj |
| 4 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 hare | det |
| 6 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 hare | amod |
| 7 | hare | hare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 asked | obj |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 14 true | punct |
| 9 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 true | punct |
| 10 | Friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 true | nsubj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 Friend | punct |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 true | cop |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 true | nsubj |
| 14 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 asked | ccomp |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 say | punct |
| 16 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 18 say | mark |
| 17 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 18 say | nsubj |
| 18 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 asked | parataxis |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 collapsing | punct |
| 20 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 collapsing | mark |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 earth | det |
| 22 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 collapsing | nsubj |
| 23 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 collapsing | aux |
| 24 | collapsing | collapse | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 18 say | ccomp |
| 25 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 24 collapsing | punct |
| 26 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | past | the lion | the little hare | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP that S»: agent=Agent hare=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | is in a quote | present | Friend | true property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert in a quote | present | the little hare = hare | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | collapse in a quote | present · progressive | the earth | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/10/151/