The grateful elephant, Opening, part 10, sentence 158
The lion thought: “Evidently a Vilva fruit fell on top of that cocoanut leaf and made a ‘rat-a-tat,’ and this hare here, hearing that sound, came to the conclusion: ‘The earth is collapsing!’
Who acts: lion, Vilva fruit, that, earth · What happens: think, fall, make, sound, come, collapse · To what, where: top, rat tat, conclusion · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lion, Vilva fruit, that, earth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 lion | det |
| 2 | lion | lion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 thought | nsubj |
| 3 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 fell | punct |
| 5 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 fell | punct |
| 6 | Evidently | evidently | ADV | _ | 10 fell | advmod |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 fruit | det |
| 8 | Vilva | Vilva | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 fruit | compound |
| 9 | fruit | fruit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 fell | nsubj |
| 10 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 thought | ccomp |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 12 top | case |
| 12 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 fell | obl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 leaf | case |
| 14 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 16 leaf | det |
| 15 | cocoanut | cocoanut | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 leaf | compound |
| 16 | leaf | leaf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 top | nmod |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 made | cc |
| 18 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 fell | conj |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 tat | det |
| 20 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 25 tat | punct |
| 21 | rat | rat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 tat | compound |
| 22 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 25 tat | punct |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 tat | det |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 23 a | punct |
| 25 | tat | tat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 made | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 tat | punct |
| 27 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 25 tat | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 hare | cc |
| 29 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 30 hare | det |
| 30 | hare | hare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 made | conj |
| 31 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 18 made | advmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 hearing | punct |
| 33 | hearing | hearing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 made | parataxis |
| 34 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 35 sound | nsubj |
| 35 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 hearing | conj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 came | punct |
| 37 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 fell | conj |
| 38 | to | to | ADP | _ | 40 conclusion | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 conclusion | det |
| 40 | conclusion | conclusion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 came | obl |
| 41 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 46 collapsing | punct |
| 42 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 46 collapsing | punct |
| 43 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 earth | det |
| 44 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 collapsing | nsubj |
| 45 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 46 collapsing | aux |
| 46 | collapsing | collapse | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 thought | ccomp |
| 47 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 46 collapsing | punct |
| 48 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 46 collapsing | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | past | the lion | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | fall in a quote | past | a Vilva fruit | top of that cocoanut leaf | evidently property | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on top=Location | |||
| 3 | make in a quote | past | a Vilva fruit not said here | a rat tat | here | this hare conj; hearing and sound parataxis | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset tat=Product | ||
| 4 | sound in a quote | that | tree rules | ||||||
| 5 | come in a quote | past | a Vilva fruit not said here | the conclusion | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to conclusion=Initial_Location | ||||
| 6 | collapse in a quote | present · progressive | the earth | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/10/158/