The grateful elephant, Opening, part 10, sentence 42
Halting not far from Benāres, he sent, by the hand of a certain man, the following message to the king of Benāres: “Give me battle or the kingdom!”
Who acts: man · What happens: halt, send, follow, give · To what, where: hand, battle, man · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Halting | halt | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 sent | advcl |
| 2 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 3 far | advmod |
| 3 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 1 Halting | advmod |
| 4 | from | from | ADP | _ | 5 Benāres | case |
| 5 | Benāres | Benāres | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 far | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Halting | punct |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 sent | nsubj |
| 8 | sent | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 hand | punct |
| 10 | by | by | ADP | _ | 12 hand | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 hand | det |
| 12 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sent | obj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 man | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 man | det |
| 15 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 man | amod |
| 16 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 hand | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 message | punct |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 message | det |
| 19 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 20 message | amod |
| 20 | message | message | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 man | nmod |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 king | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 king | det |
| 23 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 message | nmod |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 Benāres | case |
| 25 | Benāres | Benāres | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 king | nmod |
| 26 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 28 Give | punct |
| 27 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 28 Give | punct |
| 28 | Give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 hand | parataxis |
| 29 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 28 Give | iobj |
| 30 | battle | battle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 Give | obj |
| 31 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 33 kingdom | cc |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 kingdom | det |
| 33 | kingdom | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 battle | conj |
| 34 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 28 Give | punct |
| 35 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 28 Give | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | halt | gerund | man not said here | far property | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | send | past | man | the hand of a certain man the following message to the king of Benāres | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Theme | ||||
| 3 | follow | gerund | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | give in a quote | infinitive | battle or the kingdom | man | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient battle=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/10/42/