The grateful elephant, Opening, part 11, sentence 6
Hearing the hare’s words, a host of animals were frightened.
Who acts: hare · What happens: hear, frighten, word · To what, where: words, host
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hare), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hearing | hear | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 frightened | advcl |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 hare | det |
| 3 | hare | hare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 words | nmod:poss |
| 4 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 3 hare | case |
| 5 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Hearing | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Hearing | punct |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 host | det |
| 8 | host | host | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 frightened | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 animals | case |
| 10 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 host | nmod |
| 11 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 frightened | aux:pass |
| 12 | frightened | frighten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 frightened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | gerund | the hare's words | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | frighten | past · passive | a host of animals | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | |||||
| 3 | word | the hare | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/11/6/