The grateful elephant, Opening, part 11, sentence 60
“While I was here, Jewel-neck, a dragon-king, came out of the Ganges river, approached me, and having approached, encircled me seven times with his coils and rose and spread his huge hood over my head.
Who acts: Jewel, having · What happens: be, come out, approach, have, encircle, rise · To what, where: Ganges river, Jewel, huge hood, head · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jewel, having), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 came | punct |
| 2 | While | while | SCONJ | _ | 5 here | mark |
| 3 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 here | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 here | cop |
| 5 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 16 came | advcl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 here | punct |
| 7 | Jewel | Jewel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 came | nsubj |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 Jewel | punct |
| 9 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 Jewel | appos |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 king | punct |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 king | det |
| 12 | dragon | dragon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 king | compound |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 dragon | punct |
| 14 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 Jewel | appos |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 Jewel | punct |
| 16 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 17 | out | out | ADP | _ | 21 river | case |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 river | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 river | det |
| 20 | Ganges | Ganges | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 river | compound |
| 21 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 came | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 approached | punct |
| 23 | approached | approach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 came | conj |
| 24 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 approached | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 encircled | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 encircled | cc |
| 27 | having | have | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 30 encircled | csubj |
| 28 | approached | approach | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 having | xcomp |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 having | punct |
| 30 | encircled | encircle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 came | parataxis |
| 31 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 30 encircled | obj |
| 32 | seven | seven | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 33 times | nummod |
| 33 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 encircled | obl:unmarked |
| 34 | with | with | ADP | _ | 36 coils | case |
| 35 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 coils | nmod:poss |
| 36 | coils | coil | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 encircled | obl |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 rose | cc |
| 38 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 encircled | conj |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 spread | cc |
| 40 | spread | spread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 rose | conj |
| 41 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 hood | nmod:poss |
| 42 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 hood | amod |
| 43 | hood | hood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 spread | obj |
| 44 | over | over | ADP | _ | 46 head | case |
| 45 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 head | nmod:poss |
| 46 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 spread | obl |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is in a quote | past | Jewel | here property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | come out in a quote | past | Jewel | the Ganges river | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient river=Result | ||||
| 3 | approach in a quote | past | Jewel not said here | Jewel | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme | ||||
| 4 | have in a quote | gerund | tree rules | ||||||
| 5 | approach in a quote | participle | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 6 | encircle in a quote | past | having | Jewel | time | with Jewel's coils | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent i=Destination with coil=Theme | ||
| 7 | rise in a quote | past | having not said here | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 8 | spread in a quote | past | having not said here | Jewel's huge hood | my head | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent hood=Theme over head=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/11/60/