The grateful elephant, Opening, part 12, sentence 100
And when, after diligent inquiry, they knew, ‘He is our elder,’ to him did they offer respectful greetings and the other marks of courtesy.
Who acts: greetings, Teacher · What happens: know, be, offer, mark · To what, where: elder, respectful greetings, Teacher, courtesy
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (greetings, Teacher), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 offer | cc |
| 2 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 9 knew | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 inquiry | punct |
| 4 | after | after | ADP | _ | 6 inquiry | case |
| 5 | diligent | diligent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 inquiry | amod |
| 6 | inquiry | inquiry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 knew | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 inquiry | punct |
| 8 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 knew | nsubj |
| 9 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 offer | advcl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 elder | punct |
| 11 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 15 elder | punct |
| 12 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 elder | nsubj |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 elder | cop |
| 14 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 elder | nmod:poss |
| 15 | elder | elder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 knew | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 knew | punct |
| 17 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 9 knew | punct |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 him | case |
| 19 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 offer | obl |
| 20 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 offer | aux |
| 21 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 offer | nsubj |
| 22 | offer | offer | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 23 | respectful | respectful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 greetings | amod |
| 24 | greetings | greeting | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 offer | obj |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 marks | cc |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 marks | det |
| 27 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 marks | amod |
| 28 | marks | mark | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 greetings | conj |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 courtesy | case |
| 30 | courtesy | courtesy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 marks | nmod |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 22 offer | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | past | greetings = greeting | after diligent inquiry | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | Teacher | our elder | our nmod:poss | tree rules | |||
| 3 | offer | past · do-support | greetings = greeting | respectful greetings and the other marks of courtesy | Teacher | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent greeting=Theme to he=Goal | |||
| 4 | mark | courtesy | nom mark «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/12/100/