The grateful elephant, Opening, part 12, sentence 109
So the partridge and the monkey asked the elephant: “Master elephant, since how long have you known this banyan tree?”
Who acts: partridge, elephant · What happens: ask, know · To what, where: Master elephant, elephant, banyan tree · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (partridge, elephant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 7 asked | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 partridge | det |
| 3 | partridge | partridge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 asked | nsubj |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 monkey | cc |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 monkey | det |
| 6 | monkey | monkey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 partridge | conj |
| 7 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 elephant | det |
| 9 | elephant | elephant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 asked | obj |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 elephant | punct |
| 11 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 elephant | punct |
| 12 | Master | master | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 elephant | compound |
| 13 | elephant | elephant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 asked | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 known | punct |
| 15 | since | since | SCONJ | _ | 20 known | mark |
| 16 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 17 long | advmod |
| 17 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 20 known | advmod |
| 18 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 known | aux |
| 19 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 20 known | nsubj |
| 20 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 asked | parataxis |
| 21 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 23 tree | det |
| 22 | banyan | banyan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 tree | compound |
| 23 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 known | obj |
| 24 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 20 known | punct |
| 25 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | past | the partridge and the monkey | Master elephant | the elephant | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP that S»: agent=Agent elephant=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 2 | know in a quote | present · perfect | the elephant = elephant | this banyan tree | long property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer tree=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/12/109/