The grateful elephant, Opening, part 12, sentence 144
In olden times, monks, a hawk attacked a quail with violence and caught it.
Who acts: hawk · What happens: attack, catch · To what, where: quail
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hawk), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 times | case |
| 2 | olden | olden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 times | amod |
| 3 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 attacked | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 monks | punct |
| 5 | monks | monk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 times | conj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 times | punct |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 hawk | det |
| 8 | hawk | hawk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 attacked | nsubj |
| 9 | attacked | attack | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 quail | det |
| 11 | quail | quail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 attacked | obj |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 13 violence | case |
| 13 | violence | violence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 quail | nmod |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 caught | cc |
| 15 | caught | catch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 attacked | conj |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 caught | obj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 attacked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | attack | past | a hawk | a quail | time | with violence | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent quail=Patient | ||
| 2 | catch | past | a hawk not said here | quail | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/12/144/