The grateful elephant, Opening, part 12, sentence 153
Then, monks, the quail went to the field of clods, turned up by the plow, and mounting a big clod, stood and called the hawk: “Come now, hawk, I dare you!
Who acts: monks · What happens: go, turn up, mount, stand, call, come · To what, where: field, clods, big clod, hawk · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (monks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 7 went | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Then | punct |
| 3 | monks | monk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 went | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 quail | punct |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 quail | det |
| 6 | quail | quail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 monks | conj |
| 7 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 field | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 field | det |
| 10 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 went | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 clods | case |
| 12 | clods | clod | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 field | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 turned | punct |
| 14 | turned | turn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 clods | acl |
| 15 | up | up | ADP | _ | 14 turned | compound:prt |
| 16 | by | by | ADP | _ | 18 plow | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 plow | det |
| 18 | plow | plow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 turned | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 stood | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 stood | cc |
| 21 | mounting | mount | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 26 stood | advcl |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 clod | det |
| 23 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 clod | amod |
| 24 | clod | clod | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 mounting | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 mounting | punct |
| 26 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 went | conj |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 called | cc |
| 28 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 stood | conj |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 hawk | det |
| 30 | hawk | hawk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 called | obj |
| 31 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 33 Come | punct |
| 32 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 33 Come | punct |
| 33 | Come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 stood | conj |
| 34 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 33 Come | advmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 hawk | punct |
| 36 | hawk | hawk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 Come | obl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 dare | punct |
| 38 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 39 dare | nsubj |
| 39 | dare | dare | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 Come | parataxis |
| 40 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 39 dare | obj |
| 41 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 7 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | monks and the quail | the field of clods | then | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to field=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | turn up | participle | clods not said here | by the plow | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by plow=Location | ||||
| 3 | mount | gerund | a big clod | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clod=Patient | |||||
| 4 | stand | past | monks and the quail not said here | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | call speech: express | past | monks and the quail not said here | the hawk | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent hawk=Recipient | ||||
| 6 | come in a quote | infinitive | monks and the quail not said here | hawk | now | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 7 | dare in a quote | present | monks and the quail = monk | the hawk = hawk | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/12/153/