The grateful elephant, Opening, part 13, sentence 117
Seeing a certain bare spot, they asked the gardener: “Disciple, everywhere else this garden has dense shade, but in this spot there is not so much as a tree or a shrub.
Who acts: monks, Disciple · What happens: see, ask, have, not be · To what, where: certain bare spot, gardener, dense shade · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (monks, Disciple), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Seeing | see | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 asked | advcl |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 spot | det |
| 3 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 spot | amod |
| 4 | bare | bare | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 spot | amod |
| 5 | spot | spot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Seeing | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Seeing | punct |
| 7 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 asked | nsubj |
| 8 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 gardener | det |
| 10 | gardener | gardener | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 asked | obj |
| 11 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 Disciple | punct |
| 12 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 Disciple | punct |
| 13 | Disciple | disciple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 has | nsubj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 everywhere | punct |
| 15 | everywhere | everywhere | ADV | PronType=Tot | 13 Disciple | advmod |
| 16 | else | else | ADV | _ | 15 everywhere | advmod |
| 17 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 18 garden | det |
| 18 | garden | garden | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 has | nsubj |
| 19 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 asked | ccomp |
| 20 | dense | dense | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 shade | amod |
| 21 | shade | shade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 has | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 much | punct |
| 23 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 31 much | cc |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 spot | case |
| 25 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 26 spot | det |
| 26 | spot | spot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 is | obl |
| 27 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 28 is | expl |
| 28 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 much | cop |
| 29 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 31 much | advmod |
| 30 | so | so | ADV | _ | 31 much | advmod |
| 31 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 asked | conj |
| 32 | as | as | ADP | _ | 34 tree | case |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 tree | det |
| 34 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 much | nmod |
| 35 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 37 shrub | cc |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 shrub | det |
| 37 | shrub | shrub | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 tree | conj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | gerund | monks = monk not said here | a certain bare spot | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer spot=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | past | monks = monk | the gardener | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP that S»: agent=Agent gardener=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | have in a quote | present | Disciple | dense shade | this garden nsubj | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shade=Patient | |||
| 4 | not is in a quote | present | monks = monk not said here | as a tree or a shrub; much property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/13/117/