The grateful elephant, Opening, part 13, sentence 71
The Future Buddha, seeing what the son had done, thought: “Even an enemy, if he be a wise man, is better; for an enemy, though it be from fear of human vengeance, will not kill.”
Who acts: Future Buddha, son, enemy, spot · What happens: see, do, think, be, not kill · To what, where: Future Buddha, wise man, fear · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Future Buddha, son, enemy, spot), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Buddha | det |
| 2 | Future | Future | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Buddha | compound |
| 3 | Buddha | Buddha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 thought | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 seeing | punct |
| 5 | seeing | see | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 Buddha | acl |
| 6 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 5 seeing | obj |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 son | det |
| 8 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 done | nsubj |
| 9 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 done | aux |
| 10 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 6 what | acl:relcl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 thought | punct |
| 12 | thought | think | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 13 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 thought | punct |
| 14 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 enemy | punct |
| 15 | Even | even | ADV | _ | 17 enemy | advmod |
| 16 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 enemy | det |
| 17 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 better | nsubj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 man | punct |
| 19 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 24 man | mark |
| 20 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 man | nsubj |
| 21 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 24 man | cop |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 man | det |
| 23 | wise | wise | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 man | amod |
| 24 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 enemy | appos |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 better | punct |
| 26 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 better | cop |
| 27 | better | good | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 12 thought | ccomp |
| 28 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 enemy | punct |
| 29 | for | for | ADP | _ | 31 enemy | case |
| 30 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 enemy | det |
| 31 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 thought | parataxis |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 fear | punct |
| 33 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 37 fear | mark |
| 34 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 fear | nsubj |
| 35 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 37 fear | cop |
| 36 | from | from | ADP | _ | 37 fear | case |
| 37 | fear | fear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 enemy | appos |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 vengeance | case |
| 39 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 vengeance | amod |
| 40 | vengeance | vengeance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 fear | nmod |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 kill | punct |
| 42 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 44 kill | aux |
| 43 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 44 kill | advmod |
| 44 | kill | kill | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 31 enemy | parataxis |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 31 enemy | punct |
| 46 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 thought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | gerund | the Future Buddha not said here | the Future Buddha | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | do | past · perfect | the son | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | think speech: other | participle · passive | the Future Buddha | a enemy parataxis | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute clause=Theme | ||||
| 4 | is a a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | infinitive | son | a wise man | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | is in a quote | present | a enemy | good property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | is in a quote | infinitive | spot | fear | of human vengeance | tree rules | |||
| 7 | not kill in a quote | future | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/13/71/