The grateful elephant, Opening, part 14, sentence 9
Now a certain lay disciple invited the Congregation of Monks presided over by the Buddha, provided seats in his garden, delighted them with rice-gruel and hard food, and said: “Noble sirs, if you desire to take a walk about the garden, go with this gardener.”
Who acts: certain lay disciple, you · What happens: invite, preside over, provide, delight, say, desire · To what, where: Congregation, Monks, seats, garden, Noble sirs, walk · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (certain lay disciple, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 6 invited | advmod |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 disciple | det |
| 3 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 disciple | amod |
| 4 | lay | lay | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 disciple | amod |
| 5 | disciple | disciple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 invited | nsubj |
| 6 | invited | invite | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Congregation | det |
| 8 | Congregation | congregation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 invited | obj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 Monks | case |
| 10 | Monks | monk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 Congregation | nmod |
| 11 | presided | preside | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 Monks | acl |
| 12 | over | over | ADV | _ | 11 presided | advmod |
| 13 | by | by | ADP | _ | 15 Buddha | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 Buddha | det |
| 15 | Buddha | Buddha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 presided | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 provided | punct |
| 17 | provided | provide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 invited | conj |
| 18 | seats | seat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 provided | obj |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 garden | case |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 garden | nmod:poss |
| 21 | garden | garden | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 provided | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 delighted | punct |
| 23 | delighted | delight | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 invited | conj |
| 24 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 delighted | obj |
| 25 | with | with | ADP | _ | 28 gruel | case |
| 26 | rice | rice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 gruel | compound |
| 27 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 26 rice | punct |
| 28 | gruel | gruel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 delighted | obl |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 food | cc |
| 30 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 food | amod |
| 31 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 gruel | conj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 said | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 said | cc |
| 34 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 invited | parataxis |
| 35 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 38 sirs | punct |
| 36 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 38 sirs | punct |
| 37 | Noble | noble | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 sirs | amod |
| 38 | sirs | sir | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 said | obj |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 desire | punct |
| 40 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 42 desire | mark |
| 41 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 42 desire | nsubj |
| 42 | desire | desire | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 said | conj |
| 43 | to | to | PART | _ | 44 take | mark |
| 44 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 42 desire | xcomp |
| 45 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 46 walk | det |
| 46 | walk | walk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 take | obj |
| 47 | about | about | ADP | _ | 49 garden | case |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 garden | det |
| 49 | garden | garden | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 walk | nmod |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 go | punct |
| 51 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 44 take | conj |
| 52 | with | with | ADP | _ | 54 gardener | case |
| 53 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 54 gardener | det |
| 54 | gardener | gardener | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 go | obl |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 invited | punct |
| 56 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 invited | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | invite | past | a certain lay disciple | the Congregation of Monks | now | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent congregation=Recipient | |||
| 2 | preside over | participle | Monks not said here | by the Buddha; over property | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.predicate»: agent=Agent by buddha=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | provide | past | a certain lay disciple not said here | seats | disciple's garden | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition seat=Theme | |||
| 4 | delight | past | a certain lay disciple not said here | seats = seat | with rice gruel and hard food | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer | |||
| 5 | say speech: assert | past | Noble sirs | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent sir=Topic | |||||
| 6 | desire a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present | you | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 7 | take not said to happen, in a quote | to-infinitive | you not said here | a walk | about the garden | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent walk=Theme | |||
| 8 | go in a quote | infinitive | you not said here | with this gardener | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with gardener=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/14/9/