The grateful elephant, Opening, part 15, sentence 105
“But has any one of you seen a flash of lightning?”
Who acts: one, lightning · What happens: have, see, flash · To what, where: one, flash
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, lightning), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 has | punct |
| 2 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 3 has | cc |
| 3 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 5 one | det |
| 5 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 has | obj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 you | case |
| 7 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 5 one | nmod |
| 8 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 one | acl |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 flash | det |
| 10 | flash | flash | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 seen | obj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 lightning | case |
| 12 | lightning | lightning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 flash | nmod |
| 13 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 has | punct |
| 14 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 has | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have in a quote | present | any one of you | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient | |||||
| 2 | see in a quote | participle | any one of you not said here | a flash of lightning | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer flash=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | flash in a quote | lightning | nom flash «event intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/15/105/