The grateful elephant, Opening, part 15, sentence 136

And the lion said to his mate: “Since the rains have hindered the movements of all living beings, we shall of a certainty perish for lack of some animal to eat.”

Who acts: lion · What happens: say, hinder, live, perish, eat, move · To what, where: mate, rains, living beings, animal · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	4 said	cc
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 lion	det
3	lion	lion	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 said	nsubj
4	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 mate	case
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 mate	nmod:poss
7	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 said	obl
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	27 perish	punct
9	“	"	PUNCT	_	27 perish	punct
10	Since	since	SCONJ	_	14 hindered	mark
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 rains	det
12	rains	rain	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 hindered	nsubj:pass
13	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 hindered	aux
14	hindered	hinder	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	23 shall	advcl
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 movements	det
16	movements	movement	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 hindered	obj
17	of	of	ADP	_	20 beings	case
18	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	20 beings	det
19	living	live	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	20 beings	amod
20	beings	being	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 movements	nmod
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 hindered	punct
22	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	23 shall	nsubj
23	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	27 perish	aux
24	of	of	ADP	_	26 certainty	case
25	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 certainty	det
26	certainty	certainty	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 perish	obl
27	perish	perish	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 said	ccomp
28	for	for	ADP	_	29 lack	case
29	lack	lack	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 perish	obl
30	of	of	ADP	_	32 animal	case
31	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	32 animal	det
32	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 lack	nmod
33	to	to	PART	_	34 eat	mark
34	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	32 animal	acl
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	27 perish	punct
36	”	"	PUNCT	_	27 perish	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	the lion		monkey's mate		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to mate=Recipient clause=Topic
2	hinder in a quote	present · perfect · passive		the rains		the movements of all living beings obj	tree rules
3	live in a quote	gerund					vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	perish in a quote	shall				of a certainty; for lack of some animal	vn die-42.4-1 «NP V PP.cause»: agent=Patient of certainty=Causer
5	eat in a quote	to-infinitive					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	move in a quote			all living beings			nom movement «act transitive»: of=patient
7	lack in a quote			some animal			nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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🌲 The grateful elephant, Opening, part 15, sentence 136

The tree

Pragmatics

The grateful elephant, Opening, part 15, sentence 136