The grateful elephant, Opening, part 15, sentence 23

As for the Future Buddha, he saw many advantages in going second, for the following considerations presented themselves to his mind: “Those who go first will make smooth the rough spots on the road; I shall go by the same road they have gone; the oxen that go first will eat the old tough grass, and my oxen will eat the fresh grass which will have sprung up in the meantime; wherever they pluck leaves, fresh leaves for curry will have sprung up and will be at the disposal of my men; in places where there is no water, they will dig wells and obtain a supply, and we shall drink water from wells dug by others.

Who acts: rut, many advantages, following considerations, Those, considerations, oxen · What happens: see, go, follow, present, make, eat · To what, where: many advantages, advantages, mind, rough spots, road, same road · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rut, many advantages, following considerations, Those), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	As	as	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	5 Buddha	case
2	for	for	ADP	_	1 As	fixed
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Buddha	det
4	Future	Future	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 Buddha	compound
5	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 saw	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Buddha	punct
7	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 saw	nsubj
8	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 advantages	amod
10	advantages	advantage	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 saw	obj
11	in	in	SCONJ	_	12 going	mark
12	going	go	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 saw	xcomp
13	second	second	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	12 going	advmod
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 presented	punct
15	for	for	SCONJ	_	19 presented	mark
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 considerations	det
17	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	18 considerations	amod
18	considerations	consideration	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 presented	nsubj
19	presented	present	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 saw	conj
20	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	19 presented	obj
21	to	to	ADP	_	23 mind	case
22	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 mind	nmod:poss
23	mind	mind	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 presented	obl
24	:	:	PUNCT	_	31 make	punct
25	“	"	PUNCT	_	31 make	punct
26	Those	that	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	31 make	nsubj
27	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	28 go	nsubj
28	go	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 Those	acl:relcl
29	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	28 go	advmod
30	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	31 make	aux
31	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 presented	advcl
32	smooth	smooth	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 make	xcomp
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 spots	det
34	rough	rough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 spots	amod
35	spots	spot	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 make	obj
36	on	on	ADP	_	38 road	case
37	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	38 road	det
38	road	road	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 spots	nmod
39	;	;	PUNCT	_	42 go	punct
40	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	42 go	nsubj
41	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	42 go	aux
42	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 saw	conj
43	by	by	ADP	_	46 road	case
44	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	46 road	det
45	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	46 road	amod
46	road	road	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 go	obl
47	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	49 gone	nsubj
48	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	49 gone	aux
49	gone	go	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	46 road	acl:relcl
50	;	;	PUNCT	_	57 eat	punct
51	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	52 oxen	det
52	oxen	ox	NOUN	Number=Plur	57 eat	nsubj
53	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	54 go	nsubj
54	go	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	52 oxen	acl:relcl
55	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	54 go	advmod
56	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	57 eat	aux
57	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 saw	parataxis
58	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	61 grass	det
59	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	61 grass	amod
60	tough	tough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	61 grass	amod
61	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	57 eat	obj
62	,	,	PUNCT	_	67 eat	punct
63	and	and	CCONJ	_	67 eat	cc
64	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	65 oxen	nmod:poss
65	oxen	ox	NOUN	Number=Plur	67 eat	nsubj
66	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	67 eat	aux
67	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	57 eat	conj
68	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	70 grass	det
69	fresh	fresh	ADJ	Degree=Pos	70 grass	amod
70	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	67 eat	obj
71	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	74 sprung	nsubj:pass
72	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	74 sprung	aux
73	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	74 sprung	aux
74	sprung	spring	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	70 grass	acl:relcl
75	up	up	ADP	_	74 sprung	compound:prt
76	in	in	ADP	_	78 meantime	case
77	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	78 meantime	det
78	meantime	meantime	NOUN	Number=Sing	74 sprung	obl
79	;	;	PUNCT	_	82 pluck	punct
80	wherever	wherever	ADV	PronType=Int	82 pluck	advmod
81	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	82 pluck	nsubj
82	pluck	pluck	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	67 eat	conj
83	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	91 sprung	nsubj:pass
84	,	,	PUNCT	_	86 leaves	punct
85	fresh	fresh	ADJ	Degree=Pos	86 leaves	amod
86	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	83 leaves	conj
87	for	for	ADP	_	88 curry	case
88	curry	curry	NOUN	Number=Sing	86 leaves	nmod
89	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	91 sprung	aux
90	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	91 sprung	aux
91	sprung	spring	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	82 pluck	ccomp
92	up	up	ADP	_	91 sprung	compound:prt
93	and	and	CCONJ	_	98 disposal	cc
94	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	98 disposal	aux
95	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	98 disposal	cop
96	at	at	ADP	_	98 disposal	case
97	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	98 disposal	det
98	disposal	disposal	NOUN	Number=Sing	91 sprung	conj
99	of	of	ADP	_	101 men	case
100	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	101 men	nmod:poss
101	men	man	NOUN	Number=Plur	98 disposal	nmod
102	;	;	PUNCT	_	113 dig	punct
103	in	in	ADP	_	104 places	case
104	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	113 dig	obl
105	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	107 is	advmod
106	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	107 is	expl
107	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	113 dig	advcl
108	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	109 water	det
109	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	107 is	nsubj
110	,	,	PUNCT	_	107 is	punct
111	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	113 dig	nsubj
112	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	113 dig	aux
113	dig	dig	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	67 eat	conj
114	wells	well	NOUN	Number=Plur	113 dig	obj
115	and	and	CCONJ	_	116 obtain	cc
116	obtain	obtain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	113 dig	conj
117	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	118 supply	det
118	supply	supply	NOUN	Number=Sing	116 obtain	obj
119	,	,	PUNCT	_	123 drink	punct
120	and	and	CCONJ	_	123 drink	cc
121	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	123 drink	nsubj
122	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	123 drink	aux
123	drink	drink	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	113 dig	conj
124	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	123 drink	obj
125	from	from	ADP	_	126 wells	case
126	wells	well	NOUN	Number=Plur	123 drink	obl
127	dug	dig	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	126 wells	acl
128	by	by	ADP	_	129 others	case
129	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	127 dug	obl
130	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 saw	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	see	past	rut	many advantages			as the Future Buddha	tree rules
2	go	gerund	many advantages not said here				second property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	follow	gerund						vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	present	past	the following considerations	advantages = advantage	rut's mind			vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme to mind=Recipient
5	go in a quote	present					who nsubj; first property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
6	make in a quote	future	Those	the rough spots		the road	smooth property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset spot=Product
7	go in a quote	shall	rut				by the same road	vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by road=Location
8	go in a quote	present · perfect	considerations = consideration	the same road not said here				vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location road=Theme
9	go in a quote	present	the oxen				first property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
10	eat in a quote	future	the oxen	the old tough grass				vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Patient
11	eat in a quote	future	my oxen	the fresh grass				vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Patient
12	spring up in a quote	future · perfect · passive		the fresh grass		the meantime		vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme
13	pluck in a quote	present	oxen = ox				wherever property	tree rules
14	spring up in a quote	future · perfect · passive		leaves and fresh leaves for curry				vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme
15	is in a quote	future				the disposal	of my men	tree rules
16	be in a quote	present	no water			there		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
17	dig in a quote	future	oxen = ox	wells		places		vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent well=Theme in place=Location
18	obtain in a quote	present	oxen = ox not said here	a supply				vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset supply=Theme
19	drink in a quote	shall	we	water		wells		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient
20	dig in a quote	participle		wells not said here			by others	vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent by other=Location
21	mind		rut					nom mind «cognition transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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🌲 The grateful elephant, Opening, part 15, sentence 23

The tree

Pragmatics

The grateful elephant, Opening, part 15, sentence 23