The grateful elephant, Opening, part 15, sentence 45
Is it raining along the road by which you came?
Who acts: it, you · What happens: rain, come
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 raining | aux |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 raining | nsubj |
| 3 | raining | rain | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | along | along | ADP | _ | 6 road | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 road | det |
| 6 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 raining | obl |
| 7 | by | by | ADP | _ | 8 which | case |
| 8 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 came | obl |
| 9 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 10 came | nsubj |
| 10 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 road | acl:relcl |
| 11 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 raining | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rain | present · progressive | it | along the road | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» | ||||
| 2 | come | past | you | by the road | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by which=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/15/45/