The grateful elephant, Opening, part 16, sentence 1
Now at that moment the wise boar awoke, and hearing the words of the lioness, was delighted, and thought to himself: “This is the fruit of the merit which I have acquired in previous states of existence.
Who acts: wise boar, hearing, This · What happens: awake, hear, be, think, acquire, word · To what, where: words, boar, fruit, merit, previous states, lioness · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wise boar, hearing, This), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 8 awoke | advmod |
| 2 | at | at | ADP | _ | 4 moment | case |
| 3 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 moment | det |
| 4 | moment | moment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 awoke | obl |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 boar | det |
| 6 | wise | wise | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 boar | amod |
| 7 | boar | boar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 awoke | nsubj |
| 8 | awoke | awake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 delighted | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 delighted | cc |
| 11 | hearing | hear | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 19 delighted | csubj |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 words | det |
| 13 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 hearing | obj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 lioness | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 lioness | det |
| 16 | lioness | lioness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 words | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 hearing | punct |
| 18 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 delighted | cop |
| 19 | delighted | delighted | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 awoke | advcl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 thought | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 thought | cc |
| 22 | thought | think | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 delighted | conj |
| 23 | to | to | ADP | _ | 24 himself | case |
| 24 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 22 thought | obl |
| 25 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 30 fruit | punct |
| 26 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 30 fruit | punct |
| 27 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 30 fruit | nsubj |
| 28 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 fruit | cop |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 fruit | det |
| 30 | fruit | fruit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 awoke | parataxis |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 merit | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 merit | det |
| 33 | merit | merit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 fruit | nmod |
| 34 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 37 acquired | nsubj:pass |
| 35 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 37 acquired | nsubj |
| 36 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 acquired | aux |
| 37 | acquired | acquire | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 merit | acl:relcl |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 states | case |
| 39 | previous | previous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 states | amod |
| 40 | states | state | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 acquired | obl |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 existence | case |
| 42 | existence | existence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 states | nmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 awoke | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | awake | past | the wise boar | now; moment | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | hear | gerund | the words of the lioness | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | is | past | hearing | delighted property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | think speech: other | participle | hearing not said here | boar | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | is a in a quote | present | This | the fruit | of the merit | tree rules | |||
| 6 | acquire in a quote | present · perfect · passive | the merit | previous states of existence | I nsubj | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Theme | |||
| 7 | word | the lioness | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/16/1/