The grateful elephant, Opening, part 16, sentence 13

Then the monkey awoke and went out of the cave, and seeing the wise boar reduced to a heap of bones, became greatly excited and exclaimed: “What reduced you to a heap of bones?

Who acts: monkey, seeing · What happens: awake, go out, see, reduce, become, exclaim · To what, where: cave, wise boar, heap, you · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (monkey, seeing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 awoke	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 monkey	det
3	monkey	monkey	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 awoke	nsubj
4	awoke	awake	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 went	cc
6	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 awoke	conj
7	out	out	ADP	_	10 cave	case
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 cave	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 cave	det
10	cave	cave	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 went	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 became	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 became	cc
13	seeing	see	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	24 became	csubj
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 boar	det
15	wise	wise	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 boar	amod
16	boar	boar	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 seeing	obj
17	reduced	reduce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 boar	acl
18	to	to	ADP	_	20 heap	case
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 heap	det
20	heap	heap	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 reduced	obl
21	of	of	ADP	_	22 bones	case
22	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 heap	nmod
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 seeing	punct
24	became	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 awoke	conj
25	greatly	greatly	ADV	_	26 excited	advmod
26	excited	excited	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 became	xcomp
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 exclaimed	cc
28	exclaimed	exclaim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	24 became	conj
29	:	:	PUNCT	_	32 reduced	punct
30	“	"	PUNCT	_	32 reduced	punct
31	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	32 reduced	nsubj
32	reduced	reduce	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 awoke	conj
33	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	32 reduced	obj
34	to	to	ADP	_	36 heap	case
35	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	36 heap	det
36	heap	heap	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 reduced	obl
37	of	of	ADP	_	38 bones	case
38	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	36 heap	nmod
39	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 awoke	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	awake	past	the monkey		then		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	go out	past	the monkey not said here	the cave			tree rules
3	see	gerund		the wise boar			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer boar=Stimulus
4	reduce	participle		the wise boar not said here		to a heap of bones goal	vn limit-76 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Causer to heap=Goal
5	become	past	seeing			excited property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
6	exclaim speech: express	past	seeing not said here				vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent
7	reduce in a quote	past		you		to a heap of bones goal; What nsubj	vn limit-76 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Causer you=Patient to heap=Goal

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/16/13/

🌲 The grateful elephant, Opening, part 16, sentence 13

The tree

Pragmatics

The grateful elephant, Opening, part 16, sentence 13