The grateful elephant, Opening, part 16, sentence 31

When Jīmūta-vāhana heard these words, he thought to himself: “Alas! our forefathers, for all their possession of this noble tree, obtained by the favor of this tree naught but wealth and victory over their enemies; thus did they demean themselves, and thus did they demean this tree likewise.

Who acts: Jīmūta vāhana, vāhana, Alas · What happens: hear, think, forefather, obtain, demean, possess · To what, where: words, vāhana, forefathers, Alas, tree, noble tree · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jīmūta vāhana, vāhana, Alas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	When	when	ADV	PronType=Int	5 heard	advmod
2	Jīmūta	Jīmūta	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 vāhana	compound
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 Jīmūta	punct
4	vāhana	vāhana	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 heard	nsubj
5	heard	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 thought	advcl
6	these	this	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	7 words	det
7	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 heard	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 heard	punct
9	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 thought	nsubj
10	thought	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	to	to	ADP	_	12 himself	case
12	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	10 thought	obl
13	:	:	PUNCT	_	18 forefathers	punct
14	“	"	PUNCT	_	15 Alas	punct
15	Alas	ala	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 forefathers	nsubj
16	!	!	PUNCT	_	15 Alas	punct
17	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 forefathers	nmod:poss
18	forefathers	forefather	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 thought	parataxis
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 possession	punct
20	for	for	ADP	_	23 possession	case
21	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	23 possession	det:predet
22	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 possession	nmod:poss
23	possession	possession	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 forefathers	appos
24	of	of	ADP	_	27 tree	case
25	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	27 tree	det
26	noble	noble	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 tree	amod
27	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 possession	nmod
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 obtained	punct
29	obtained	obtain	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	18 forefathers	acl
30	by	by	ADP	_	32 favor	case
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 favor	det
32	favor	favor	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 obtained	obl
33	of	of	ADP	_	36 naught	case
34	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	36 naught	det
35	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 naught	compound
36	naught	naught	PRON	PronType=Neg	32 favor	nmod
37	but	but	CCONJ	_	38 wealth	cc
38	wealth	wealth	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 naught	conj
39	and	and	CCONJ	_	40 victory	cc
40	victory	victory	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 naught	conj
41	over	over	ADP	_	43 enemies	case
42	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	43 enemies	nmod:poss
43	enemies	enemy	NOUN	Number=Plur	40 victory	nmod
44	;	;	PUNCT	_	48 demean	punct
45	thus	thus	ADV	_	48 demean	advmod
46	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	48 demean	aux
47	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	48 demean	nsubj
48	demean	demean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 thought	parataxis
49	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	48 demean	obj
50	,	,	PUNCT	_	55 demean	punct
51	and	and	CCONJ	_	55 demean	cc
52	thus	thus	ADV	_	55 demean	advmod
53	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	55 demean	aux
54	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	55 demean	nsubj
55	demean	demean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	48 demean	conj
56	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	57 tree	det
57	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	55 demean	obj
58	likewise	likewise	ADV	_	55 demean	advmod
59	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 thought	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	hear	past	Jīmūta vāhana	this words			vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus
2	think speech: other	past	vāhana		vāhana		vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
3	forefather in a quote		Alas			our nmod:poss; Alas's possession of this noble tree appos	tree rules
4	obtain in a quote	participle		our forefathers not said here		by the favor of naught wealth victory over Alas's enemies	vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
5	demean in a quote	past · do-support	Alas = ala	Alas = ala		thus property	vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent themselves=Patient
6	demean in a quote	past · do-support	Alas = ala	this tree		likewise, thus property	vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent tree=Patient
7	possess in a quote		Alas = ala	this noble tree			nom possession «act transitive»: poss=agent of=patient
8	favor in a quote			naught wealth victory over Alas's enemies			nom favor «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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🌲 The grateful elephant, Opening, part 16, sentence 31

The tree

Pragmatics

The grateful elephant, Opening, part 16, sentence 31