The grateful elephant, Opening, part 16, sentence 96
And drawing near, he beheld on a lofty slab of rock a youth of handsome appearance plunged in bitter grief.
Who acts: vāhana · What happens: draw, behold, plunge · To what, where: youth, lofty slab, handsome appearance
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (vāhana), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 beheld | cc |
| 2 | drawing | draw | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 beheld | advcl |
| 3 | near | near | ADV | _ | 2 drawing | advmod |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 drawing | punct |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 beheld | nsubj |
| 6 | beheld | behold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 slab | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 slab | det |
| 9 | lofty | lofty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 slab | amod |
| 10 | slab | slab | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 beheld | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 rock | case |
| 12 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 slab | nmod |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 youth | det |
| 14 | youth | youth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 beheld | obj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 appearance | case |
| 16 | handsome | handsome | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 appearance | amod |
| 17 | appearance | appearance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 youth | nmod |
| 18 | plunged | plunge | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 appearance | acl |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 grief | case |
| 20 | bitter | bitter | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 grief | amod |
| 21 | grief | grief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 plunged | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 beheld | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | draw | gerund | vāhana not said here | near property | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | behold | past | vāhana | a youth of handsome appearance | a lofty slab of rock | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer youth=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | plunge | participle | handsome appearance not said here | in bitter grief | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in grief=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/16/96/