The grateful elephant, Opening, part 17, sentence 9
And swooping down, he smote the valiant hero Jīmūta-vāhana with his beak, and gripping him with his talons, carried him off from that slab of rock; and soaring aloft, flew quickly with him to a peak of the Malaya mountain, to eat him there.
Who acts: griffin, valiant hero · What happens: swoop down, smite, vāhana, grip, carry off, soar · To what, where: griffin, slab
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (griffin, valiant hero), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 2 swooping | cc |
| 2 | swooping | swoop | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 smote | advcl |
| 3 | down | down | ADV | _ | 2 swooping | advmod |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 swooping | punct |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 smote | nsubj |
| 6 | smote | smite | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 hero | det |
| 8 | valiant | valiant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 hero | amod |
| 9 | hero | hero | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 vāhana | nsubj |
| 10 | Jīmūta | Jīmūta | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 vāhana | compound |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 vāhana | punct |
| 12 | vāhana | vāhana | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 smote | ccomp |
| 13 | with | with | ADP | _ | 15 beak | case |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 beak | nmod:poss |
| 15 | beak | beak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 vāhana | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 gripping | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 gripping | cc |
| 18 | gripping | grip | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 smote | advcl |
| 19 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 gripping | obj |
| 20 | with | with | ADP | _ | 22 talons | case |
| 21 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 talons | nmod:poss |
| 22 | talons | talon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 gripping | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 carried | punct |
| 24 | carried | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 smote | conj |
| 25 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 carried | obj |
| 26 | off | off | ADP | _ | 24 carried | compound:prt |
| 27 | from | from | ADP | _ | 29 slab | case |
| 28 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 29 slab | det |
| 29 | slab | slab | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 carried | obl |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 rock | case |
| 31 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 slab | nmod |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 37 flew | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 soaring | cc |
| 34 | soaring | soar | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 37 flew | advcl |
| 35 | aloft | aloft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 soaring | xcomp |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 flew | punct |
| 37 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 smote | parataxis |
| 38 | quickly | quickly | ADV | _ | 37 flew | advmod |
| 39 | with | with | ADP | _ | 40 him | case |
| 40 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 flew | obl |
| 41 | to | to | ADP | _ | 43 peak | case |
| 42 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 43 peak | det |
| 43 | peak | peak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 flew | obl |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 47 mountain | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 mountain | det |
| 46 | Malaya | Malaya | PROPN | Number=Sing | 47 mountain | compound |
| 47 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 peak | nmod |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 eat | punct |
| 49 | to | to | PART | _ | 50 eat | mark |
| 50 | eat | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 37 flew | conj |
| 51 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 50 eat | obj |
| 52 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 50 eat | advmod |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 smote | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | swoop down | gerund | griffin not said here | down property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | smite | past | griffin | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 3 | vāhana | the valiant hero | with griffin's beak | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | grip | gerund | griffin not said here | griffin | with griffin's talons | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent he=Experiencer with talon=Instrument | |||
| 5 | carry off | past | griffin not said here | griffin | that slab of rock | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent he=Theme from slab=Initial_Location | |||
| 6 | soar | gerund | aloft property | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | |||||
| 7 | fly | past | with griffin; to a peak of the Malaya mountain result; quickly property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to peak=Result | |||||
| 8 | eat | to-infinitive | griffin | there | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/17/9/