The grateful elephant, Opening, part 3, sentence 110
For while the Congregation of Monks, sitting in the Hall of Truth, were discussing Devadatta’s wickedness, saying, “Brethren, Devadatta knows not the Teacher’s virtues, but is going about for the sole purpose of killing him,” the Teacher drew near and asked: “Monks, what is the subject that engages your attention now as you sit here all gathered together?”
Who acts: Monks, Teacher, Devadatta, sole purpose, subject, your · What happens: sit, discuss, say, not know, go about, kill · To what, where: Hall, wickedness, Brethren, Devadatta, Monks, subject · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Monks, Teacher, Devadatta, sole purpose), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | ADP | _ | 4 Congregation | case |
| 2 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 4 Congregation | mark |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Congregation | det |
| 4 | Congregation | congregation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 discussing | obl |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 Monks | case |
| 6 | Monks | monk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 Congregation | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 sitting | punct |
| 8 | sitting | sit | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 6 Monks | acl |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 Hall | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Hall | det |
| 11 | Hall | Hall | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 sitting | obl |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 Truth | case |
| 13 | Truth | Truth | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Hall | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 Congregation | punct |
| 15 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 discussing | aux |
| 16 | discussing | discuss | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 49 drew | advcl |
| 17 | Devadatta | Devadatta | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 wickedness | nmod:poss |
| 18 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 17 Devadatta | case |
| 19 | wickedness | wickedness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 discussing | obj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 saying | punct |
| 21 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 discussing | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 Brethren | punct |
| 23 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 24 Brethren | punct |
| 24 | Brethren | Brethren | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 saying | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 knows | punct |
| 26 | Devadatta | Devadatta | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 knows | nsubj |
| 27 | knows | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 Brethren | acl:relcl |
| 28 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 27 knows | advmod |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 Teacher | det |
| 30 | Teacher | Teacher | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 virtues | nmod:poss |
| 31 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 30 Teacher | case |
| 32 | virtues | virtue | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 knows | ccomp |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 going | punct |
| 34 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 36 going | cc |
| 35 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 going | aux |
| 36 | going | go | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 discussing | conj |
| 37 | about | about | ADV | _ | 36 going | advmod |
| 38 | for | for | ADP | _ | 41 purpose | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 purpose | det |
| 40 | sole | sole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 purpose | amod |
| 41 | purpose | purpose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 going | obl |
| 42 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 43 killing | mark |
| 43 | killing | kill | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 41 purpose | acl |
| 44 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 killing | obj |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 discussing | punct |
| 46 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 discussing | punct |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 Teacher | det |
| 48 | Teacher | Teacher | PROPN | Number=Sing | 49 drew | nsubj |
| 49 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 50 | near | near | ADV | _ | 49 drew | advmod |
| 51 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 52 asked | cc |
| 52 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 49 drew | conj |
| 53 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 55 Monks | punct |
| 54 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 55 Monks | punct |
| 55 | Monks | monk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 52 asked | obj |
| 56 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 60 subject | punct |
| 57 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 60 subject | nsubj |
| 58 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 60 subject | cop |
| 59 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 60 subject | det |
| 60 | subject | subject | NOUN | Number=Sing | 55 Monks | nmod |
| 61 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 62 engages | nsubj |
| 62 | engages | engage | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 60 subject | acl:relcl |
| 63 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 64 attention | nmod:poss |
| 64 | attention | attention | NOUN | Number=Sing | 62 engages | obj |
| 65 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 68 sit | advmod |
| 66 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 68 sit | mark |
| 67 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 68 sit | nsubj |
| 68 | sit | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 52 asked | ccomp |
| 69 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 68 sit | advmod |
| 70 | all | all | ADV | _ | 71 gathered | advmod |
| 71 | gathered | gather | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 68 sit | advcl |
| 72 | together | together | ADV | _ | 71 gathered | advmod |
| 73 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 49 drew | punct |
| 74 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 49 drew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sit | gerund | Monks not said here | the Hall of Truth | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in hall=Location | ||||
| 2 | discuss speech: other | past · progressive | the Teacher not said here | Devadatta's wickedness | for the Congregation of Monks | vn chit_chat-37.6-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wickedness=Topic | |||
| 3 | say speech: assert | gerund | the Teacher not said here | Brethren | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent brethren=Topic | ||||
| 4 | not know in a quote | present | Devadatta | Brethren not said here | the Teacher's virtues ccomp | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer brethren=Stimulus | |||
| 5 | go about in a quote | present · progressive | the Teacher not said here | for the sole purpose; about property | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | kill in a quote | gerund | the sole purpose not said here | Devadatta | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | ||||
| 7 | draw | past | the Teacher | near property | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 8 | ask speech: ask | past | the Teacher not said here | Monks | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP that S»: agent=Agent monk=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 9 | is a in a quote | present | Monks | the subject | tree rules | ||||
| 10 | engage in a quote | present | the subject | your attention | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent attention=Patient | ||||
| 11 | sit in a quote | present | Monks = monk | here | now | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 12 | gather in a quote | participle | Monks = monk not said here | all, together property | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 13 | attend in a quote | your | nom attention «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/3/110/