The grateful elephant, Opening, part 3, sentence 41
Without saying a word to the carpenters, he entered the forest, and leading his son to the carpenters, said: “This young elephant is my son.
Who acts: Elephant, young elephant · What happens: say, enter, lead, be · To what, where: word, carpenters, forest, son · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elephant, young elephant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Without | without | SCONJ | _ | 2 saying | mark |
| 2 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 entered | advcl |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 word | det |
| 4 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 saying | obj |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 carpenters | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 carpenters | det |
| 7 | carpenters | carpenter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 word | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 saying | punct |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 entered | nsubj |
| 10 | entered | enter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 forest | det |
| 12 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 entered | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 said | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 said | cc |
| 15 | leading | lead | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 said | advcl |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 son | nmod:poss |
| 17 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 leading | obj |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 20 carpenters | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 carpenters | det |
| 20 | carpenters | carpenter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 leading | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 leading | punct |
| 22 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 entered | conj |
| 23 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 30 son | punct |
| 24 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 30 son | punct |
| 25 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 27 elephant | det |
| 26 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 elephant | amod |
| 27 | elephant | elephant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 son | nsubj |
| 28 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 son | cop |
| 29 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 son | nmod:poss |
| 30 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 said | ccomp |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 entered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | gerund | Elephant not said here | a word | the carpenters | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent word=Topic to carpenter=Recipient | |||
| 2 | enter | past | Elephant | the forest | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme forest=Destination | ||||
| 3 | lead | gerund | Elephant's son | the carpenters | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent son=Theme to carpenter=Destination | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | Elephant not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | is a in a quote | present | this young elephant | my son | my nmod:poss | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/3/41/