The grateful elephant, Opening, part 3, sentence 80
But because they had no man to lead them in battle, the force, large as it was, gave way little by little in the conflict.
Who acts: citizens, force · What happens: have, lead, be · To what, where: man, citizens, battle, conflict
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (citizens, force), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 4 had | cc |
| 2 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 4 had | mark |
| 3 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 had | nsubj |
| 4 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 6 man | det |
| 6 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 had | obj |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 lead | mark |
| 8 | lead | lead | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 man | acl |
| 9 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 lead | obj |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 battle | case |
| 11 | battle | battle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 lead | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 force | punct |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 force | det |
| 14 | force | force | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 battle | appos |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 large | punct |
| 16 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 had | obl |
| 17 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 21 gave | mark |
| 18 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 gave | nsubj |
| 19 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 gave | cop |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 gave | punct |
| 21 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 large | advcl |
| 22 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 gave | obj |
| 23 | little | little | ADV | Degree=Pos | 22 way | advmod |
| 24 | by | by | ADP | _ | 25 little | case |
| 25 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 gave | obl |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 conflict | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 conflict | det |
| 28 | conflict | conflict | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 gave | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | citizens = citizen | no man | large obl | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Patient | |||
| 2 | lead | to-infinitive | citizens = citizen not said here | citizens = citizen | battle | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme in battle=Destination | |||
| 3 | is | past | force | the conflict | by little; way obj; give property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/3/80/