The grateful elephant, Opening, part 4, sentence 72
And rising in all quarters, they slew him, even as he sat on the back of the elephant, by hitting him with arrows and spears and rocks and clubs.
Who acts: quarters, king · What happens: rise, slay, sit, hit · To what, where: quarters, king, back
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (quarters, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 slew | cc |
| 2 | rising | rise | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 slew | advcl |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 quarters | case |
| 4 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 5 quarters | det |
| 5 | quarters | quarter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 rising | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 rising | punct |
| 7 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 slew | nsubj |
| 8 | slew | slay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 slew | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 sat | punct |
| 11 | even | even | ADV | _ | 14 sat | advmod |
| 12 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 14 sat | mark |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 sat | nsubj |
| 14 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 slew | conj |
| 15 | on | on | ADP | _ | 17 back | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 back | det |
| 17 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 sat | obl |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 elephant | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 elephant | det |
| 20 | elephant | elephant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 back | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 hitting | punct |
| 22 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 23 hitting | mark |
| 23 | hitting | hit | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 sat | advcl |
| 24 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 hitting | obj |
| 25 | with | with | ADP | _ | 26 arrows | case |
| 26 | arrows | arrow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 hitting | obl |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 spears | cc |
| 28 | spears | spear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 arrows | conj |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 rocks | cc |
| 30 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 arrows | conj |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 clubs | cc |
| 32 | clubs | club | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 arrows | conj |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 slew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rise | gerund | quarters = quarter not said here | all quarters | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in quarter=Location | ||||
| 2 | slay | past | quarters = quarter | king | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient | ||||
| 3 | sit | past | king | the back of the elephant | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on back=Location | ||||
| 4 | hit | gerund | king not said here | king | with arrows and spears and rocks and clubs | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent he=Patient with arrow=Instrument |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/4/72/